1. Are We That Far From Jim Crow? Kirby Kragenbring

2. Article The article brings up the idea the justice system is broken when it comes to white police officers dealing with people of color It sites the examples in Ferguson (killing of an unarmed black teen) in New York (killing of an unarmed black man) and in Cleveland (killing of a 12 year old black male who had a toy gun) It says in Cleveland it was admitted they use excessive force which lead to changes, It then talks about the coroner report and the approval on the takedown method used on Garner in New York

3. After Missouri and after New York Both the riots in Ferguson and protests in New York are to do with what have been deemed racial injustice by the hands of white police officers onto black individuals In Ferguson an officer shot a black male who had robbed a store and allegedly assaulted the officer which lead to him dying In New York an officer choked a black male for allegedly resisting arrest for selling hand wrapped cigarettes which lead to him dying

4. Jim Crow stereotypes During the Jim Crow era blacks were discriminated against because of the color of their skin along “”The African American in antebellum times was, as the stereotype held, reliable, faithful, hardworking, malleable. Indeed, one entrusted one’s children, one’s property to such people. Now, of a sudden, the African American becomes demonized, a threat, a lascivious beast roaming the countryside of the South, people loosed by the end of slavery and now upon us like locusts,” says Levering Lewis.“ ("Racist Images and Messages in The Jim Crow Era")

5. A black portrayal

6. White reaction to crimes during the Jim Crow era “The causes assigned by whites in justification or explanation of lynching Black people include everything from major crimes to minor offenses. In many cases, Blacks were lynched for no reason at all other than race prejudice. Southern folk tradition has held that Negroes were lynched only for the crimes of raping white women…the nameless crime...and murder. However, the statistics do not sustain this impression. The accusations against persons lynched, according to the Tuskegee Institute records for the years 1882 to 1951, were: in 41 per cent for felonious assault, 19.2 per cent for rape, 6.1 per cent for attempted rape, 4.9 per cent for robbery and theft, 1.8 per cent for insult to white persons, and 22.7 per cent for miscellaneous offenses or no offense at a 11.5 In the last category are all sorts of trivial offenses such as disputing with a white man, attempting to register to vote, unpopularity, self-defense, testifying against a white man, asking a white woman in marriage, and peeping in a window.” ("79.02.04: The Negro Holocaust: Lynching and Race Riots in the United States,1880-1950")

7. Comparison In both Ferguson and New York people are saying that officers acted more on a racial prejudice than as an officer of the law They believe racial stereotypes lead the officers to act more harshly than was needed for the crime In both cases the crimes were relatively minute that lead to the death of these individuals just as the lynchings that were handed out during the Jim Crow Era

8. Questions Are the prejudices in our law system that far removed from the Jim Crow Era? Is there still racial prejudice today? Would you see these being issues if the roles were switched? (black cop, white criminal)

9. References 79.02.04: The Negro Holocaust: Lynching and Race Riots in the United States,1880-1950. (n.d.). Retrieved December 4, 2014, from http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1979/2/79.02.04.x.html Daniel Bases, Zachary Goelman and Robert MacMillan. (n.d.). Retrieved December 4, 2014, from http://news.yahoo.com/ny-policeman-not-indicted- chokehold-death-u-justice-004401663.html Racist Images and Messages in The Jim Crow Era. (n.d.). Retrieved December 4, 2014, from http://www.pbs.org/wnet/african-americans-many-rivers-to- cross/video/racist-images-and-messages-in-jim-crow-era/ White Only: Jim Crow in America - Separate Is Not Equal. (n.d.). Retrieved December 4, 2014, from http://americanhistory.si.edu/brown/history/1- segregated/white-only-1.html APA formatting by BibMe.org.