5. Major Points: Landscape characteristics are the result of the interaction of forces of crustal movement, people, and climate Underlying bedrock determines the landscapes- why? Three types: Mountains(Highlands), Plateaus(Uplands), and Plains(Lowlands)

6. What forms landscapes? Uplifting forces/Constructive-mountain building, continental accretion (converging plates, island arcs) Leveling forces/Destructive- weathering,erosion,depostion cycle

7. If forces are in balance then… Landscape is in equilibrium (shows no change) This rarely happens because one force is usually dominant over the other What force is dominant in Westchester?

8. Climate and Landscape If dry -ARID-overall effect is jagged, angular and dry looking If wet- HUMID-rolling, lowslope, grassy

9. Old vs. New Landscape OId-gentle rolling hills, wornaway, oxbow lakes etc… New-Jagged mountains, more angular, steep slopes

10. Cliffs or escarpments: Cliffs result from rock that varies in rock resistance (resistant rock juts out in a series of rock layers due to its composition- it resists weathering…

11. Drainage Patterns Flat Land

12. On plateaus

13. Plateau or plains

15. Mountains Volcanos

16. Dome mountain With upturned layers

17. NY Watersheds: Watershed-geographic area that drains into a stream (land around a stream)