1. Integrated Disease Management: For Fashion or Profit? Robert Walker, European Director, Alltech Crop Science

2. Integrated Disease Management? Management Natural Technologies Chemical Technologies ?

3. It’s about Sustaniability

4. Economic EnvironmentSocial Sustainability?

5. Let’s take a closer look at 1. MANAGEMENT 2. CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGIES 3. NATURAL TECHNOLOGIES

6. Management:  Plant Variety  Reduced Inoculum  Disease Monitoring  Microclimate - water, temperature, wind, …  Management of Sub-Clinical Disease  Other

7. Chemical Technologies:  Fungicide Selection  Dosage  Timing  Resistance

8. Natural Technologies: Bio-Fungicides

9. Why integrate with Natural Technologies?  Fungicide Resistance  Withholding periods  Effect chemical pesticides on: – Growth suppression & Phytotoxciticy – Soil health: Rhizophere damage

10. “A good integrated disease management program will increase yield and quality!”

11. Managing subclinical disease? Sub-Clinical Disease (Invisible) Clinical Disease (Visible) Time Disease

12.  Healthier plants  More energy available to the plant to use for growth  Better Yield and Quality! Manage sub-clinical disease:

13. Categories of Bio-Fungicides I. Predator II. Competitive exclusion III. Antibiotic IV. ISR & SAR

14. Predator species  Living micro-organisms that kill plant pathogens

15. Competitive Exclusion  Beneficial living micro-organisms that compete with plant pathogens for the same resources.

16. Antibiotic  Natural substances that stop or slow the growth of microorganisms

17. Rhizoctonia Control Procrop Shield

18. Pythium ControlProcrop Shield

19. Pytophthora ControlProcrop Shield

20. Sclerotinia ControlProcrop Shield

21. Sclerotium ControlProcrop Shield

22. Alternaria ControlProcrop Shield

23. Table showing efficacy of Stubble-Aid at various concentrations Vs Common Pathogens PathogenMinimum Inhibition Concentration of Stubble-Aid Alternaria alternata1 ml/litre Fusarium o. f. sp. cucumerinum>10 ml/litre Macrophomina phaseolina2 ml/litre Phytophthora infestans1 ml/litre Pythium sp2 ml/litre Rhizoctonia solani1 ml/litre Sclerotinia sclerotiorum>10 ml/litre Sclerotium rolfsii3 ml/litre Verticillium dahliae2 ml/litre Penicillium italicum5 ml/litre Penicillium digitatum5 ml/litre

24.  Substances that induce the plant to defend itself using its own natural defence mechanisms.  Plants are primed prior to attack such that they are ready for pathogen attack  Systemic effect SAR / ISR / Elicitors / Fortifiers

25. PROTECTIONPROTECTION 7-9 DAYS Maximal 9 days after induction Lasts for ± 21 days Need for continual applications 21

26. PROTECTIONPROTECTION DAYS Typical Berry Crop Protection Program Chemical Fungicide  Alternate Procrop ISR with ProCrop Shield  Alternate with Regular pesticide program Chemi. Fungi.

27.  Same to lower price than “all chemical” program  Benefits:  Withholding period  Reduced use of chemicals – long term performance  Preventative program  Resistance  Post harvest quality Cost of a Program that alternates Natural with Chemical?

28. Thank You Robert Walker, European Director, Alltech Crop Science