1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q6ucKWIIFmg&feature=related

2. Learning Objectives: 1.Explain the difference between normal and cancer cells. 2.Describe the stages of the cell cycle and what occurs during each stage. 3.List the three major places in the cell cycle where chemotherapy agents work. 4.Explain where the cell cycle has checkpoints and what these checkpoints are testing for. 5.Predict the effects of losing one of the checkpoints. 6.Understand what a tumor suppressor gene is and what an oncogene is and how they relate to checkpoint proteins. 7.Explain ways the cell cycle can be mis-regulated and how this leads to cancer. Cell Cycle, Cancer, & Chemotherapy

3. Why Do We Care About Cancer? – Leading cause of death in Canada In 2008 Cancer accounted for 30% of all the deaths that year – In 2013 Ontario will have an estimated 74,044 new cases of cancer – The total economic impact of cancer in Canada in 2009 was estimated to be 22.5 billion dollars – Taken from Cancer in Canada – Charity Intelligence Canada

4. Cancer: Unregulated Cell Division

5. The Cell Cycle G1 = Growth 1 S= DNA synthesis G2 = Growth 2

6. Cancer – MITOSIS Gone Wild!

7. Fighting Cancer Question 1 Death rates are lower since 1980 for all of the following female cancers, EXCEPT: A.Breast B.Lung C.Colorectal D.Uterus

8. Chemotherapy Treatments Work at various stages to stop an overactive cell cycle 1.Inhibitors of Cell Growth (Growth Factor Proteins e.g. hormones) 2.Inhibitors of DNA Duplication 3.Inhibitors of Cell Division Where, when, and how do they work?

9. Group Assignment: Part 1 Cell Growth 1 Cell Growth 2 Chromosome DuplicationChromosome Separation Cell Division On your sheet of paper, use these terms below to mark the arrows and place the pictures of the cell at different stages to create your own cell cycle diagram. Cell Cycle Overview

10. Group Assignment: Part 2 Inhibitors of Cell Growth Inhibitors of DNA DuplicationInhibitors of Cell Division Indicate on your diagram where the three major types of chemotherapy agents would work: Chemotherapy Agents

11. Cancer is a genetic disease Cancer arises from the accumulation of genetic changes (mutations) Most cancers have a minimum of 6-9 different genes mutated Only 5 – 10% of Cancers are hereditary We can inherit dispositions (susceptibility) to cancer.

12. Decide if you think the following statements are true (T) or false (F) i) Cancer cells make exact copies of themselves through cell division (mitosis) T F ii) Normal cells stick together while cancer cells act independently T F iii) Normal cells self-destruct when too old; cancer cells move to another location of the body T F Question 2

13. http://www.cbp.pitt.edu/faculty/yong_wan/images/main_cell_cycle.jpg Cell Division – Mitosis Blue: DNA Green: Spindle proteins Cell Division

14. Stages of Mitosis

15. White Fish Mitosis

16. Group Assignment: Part 3

17. Group Assignment: Part 4