1. 1 Chapter 14 Acids and Bases 14.2 Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases Copyright © 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

2. 2 Conjugate Acids and Bases In this acid-base reaction, Acid HF donates H + to form its conjugate base F −. Base H 2 O accepts H + to form its conjugate acid H 3 O+. There are two conjugate acid-base pairs. Copyright © 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

3. 3 Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs The conjugate acid-base pairs of HF/F − and H 2 O/H 3 O + are related by a loss or gain of H +. Copyright © 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

4. 4 Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs In this proton-transfer reaction, The conjugate acid-base pairs are NH 3 /NH 4 + and H 2 O/H 3 O +. Copyright © 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

5. 5 Learning Check A. Write the conjugate base of the following: 1. HBr 2. H 2 S 3. H 2 CO 3 B. Write the conjugate acid of the following: 1. NO 2 - 2. NH 3 3. OH -

6. 6 Solution A. Remove a H + to write the conjugate base: 1. HBrBr - 2. H 2 SHS - 3. H 2 CO 3 HCO 3 - B. Add a H + to write the conjugate acid: 1. NO 2 - HNO 2 2. NH 3 NH 4 + 3. OH - H 2 O

7. 7 Some Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs Copyright © 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings Table 14.4

8. 8 Learning Check Identify the sets of acid-base conjugate pairs. 1. HNO 2, NO 2 - 2. H 2 CO 3, CO 3 2- 3. HCl, ClO 4 - 4. HS -, H 2 S 5. NH 3, NH 4 +

9. 9 Solution Identify the sets of acid-base conjugate pairs. 1. HNO 2, NO 2 - 4. HS -, H 2 S 5. NH 3, NH 4 +

10. 10 Learning Check A. The conjugate base of HCO 3 - is 1. CO 3 2- 2. HCO 3 - 3. H 2 CO 3 B. The conjugate acid of HCO 3 - is 1. CO 3 2- 2. HCO 3 - 3. H 2 CO 3 C. The conjugate base of H 2 O is 1. OH - 2. H 2 O 3. H 3 O + D. The conjugate acid of H 2 O is 1. OH - 2. H 2 O 3. H 3 O +

11. 11 Solution A. The conjugate base of HCO 3 - is 1. CO 3 2- B. The conjugate acid of HCO 3 - is 3. H 2 CO 3 C. The conjugate base of H 2 O is 1. OH - D. The conjugate acid of H 2 O is 3. H 3 O +