1. Ratifying the Constitution U.S. History Chapter 5.3

2. What did the Federalists believe when it came to government and what did the Anti-Federalists believe?

3. Federalists Supported new Constitution Opposed Articles of Confederation as ineffectual as governing document Supported a strong national government Must have government/laws written in a Constitution to ensure stability Government by the people

4. Continued….. Congress’ power was limited to requesting cooperation from states Separation of powers to keep lone ruler from having control Individual states might not be able to protect themselves against foreign nations A strong national government ensured nation’s debts paid and that American money had a stable value Supporters large farmers, merchants, artisans (John Jay, James Madison, Alexander Hamilton)

5. Anti-Federalists Articles needed to be amended, not abandoned. A strong central government would endanger people’s liberties. Didn’t want central government to have power-would be like monarchy Strongly supported power and influence of the states Only a small republic could protect rights Government met too far away from local communities The “necessary and proper clause” left the door open to abuse of power by government Supporters were small farmers, often from rural areas (Patrick Henry, John Adams, John Hancock)

6. How did Federalists win ratification of the new Constitution? many Americans agreed -Articles of Confederation needed revision convince others a new Constitution would be better portrayed Anti-Federalists as negative well organized nationally constant contact with one another Federalists had George Washington, a very popular national figure

7. Why was a Bill of Rights so important to the Anti-Federalists? wanted protection from tyranny- felt that the rights of the people must be enumerated (listed) Anti-Federalists used as a bargaining tool to ratify Constitution BOR protected Americans from their government Jefferson wanted more protections for citizens-specifically detailed-on many issues

8. Why did the Federalists feel the Bill of Rights was not needed in the Constitution? Felt Constitution was for and by the people so those rights were automatically insured by the Constitution Did not need to enumerate a list of rights for citizens

9. Look at the chart on page 147- the Bill of Rights explained- and list as many examples as you can (using current events/historical events) where that particular right has been upheld or abused.