1. Closings

2. Closing conversations
Closing a conversation poses an interactional problem:
Participants need to disengage from talk in a way which does not make the relationship between participants vulnerable
Participants need to ensure that everything which needed to be dealt has been.
Participants need to disengage from the turn-taking system.

3. Terminal sequences
An exchange of farewell tokens (good-bye) is a terminal sequence for conversation.
Farewell tokens are an adjacency pair: the FPP proposes the end of the conversation and the SPP accepts this.

4. Terminal sequences
Terminal sequences cannot be used at any point in talk to close a conversation.
It is important when closing a conversation to determine if all potential mentionables have been mentioned.
Terminal sequences can only be used after this has been done.

5. Pre-closing sequences
Terminal sequences are regularly preceded in conversation by talk which is designed to verify if all relevant mentionables have been mentioned.
This talk involves a short turn such as okay, alright or right with falling intonation.

6. Pre-closing sequences
meet the requirements of the turn taking system – speaker change occurs
do not advance topical talk and pass up an opportunity to do further talk or to introduce some new matter
provide for the possibility that closing could now be done.

7. Pre-closing sequences
Pre-closings provide do not always lead to closing.
The SPP may be a pre-closing component or a new topic.
A pre-closing SPP passes up an opportunity to introduce new talk and leads to closing
Introducing new mentionables blocks closing
1. pre-closing FPP 2. pre-closing FPP
pre-closing SPP topic talk SPP
 
terminal sequence continued conversation

8. Closing implicative environments
Pre-closings are placed at the analysable end of a topic: closing down a topic provides for the possibility that there is nothing further to be said.
Some conversational actions appear regularly as last topics in a conversation and lead to closing as a relevant future activity. These actions can be considered closing implicative environments.
Closing implicative environment refers to sets of actions after which closing may be a relevant next activity but it do not imply that closure will necessarily happen.

9. Closing implicative environments
Common closing implicative environments include:
Announcing closure

10. Closing implicative environments
Common closing implicative environments include:
Arrangements

11. Closing implicative environments
Common closing implicative environments include:
Formulating summaries

12. Closing implicative environments
Common closing implicative environments include:
Appreciations

13. Closing implicative environment
Common closing implicative environments include:
Sequence-closing sequences

14. Closing implicative environment
Common closing implicative environments include:
Back references

15. Moving out of closing
Not all closings succeed in bringing a conversation to completion.
Closings have to be negotiated between participants.
Where one participant proposes closure but another proceeds to further talk, they move out of closing.

16. Moving out of closing
In moving out of closing a turn is found in a slot which could normally be occupied by a closing-related component: this cancels the trajectory of the closing.
When participants move out of a closing, they cancel the relevance of the closing which had previously been proposed
Anew closing sequence must be initiated to close the conversation after moving out.

17. Moving out of closing Moving out of closing may take two forms
Minimal: where a participant moves out to a closing implicative action and closing can be quickly re-established
Drastic: where participants move out to talk that is not closing implicative and closing cannot be quickly re-established

18. Locations for moving out of closing
Conversation may move out of closing at any point in the closing:
After the first pre-closing component

19. Locations for moving out of closing
Conversation may move out of closing at any point in the closing:
After the second pre-closing component

20. Locations for moving out of closing
Conversation may move out of closing at any point in the closing:
After the first terminal component

21. Locations for moving out of closing
Conversation may move out of closing at any point in the closing:
After the second terminal component

22. Typical sequences found in moving out
Arrangements (minimal moving out)

23. Typical sequences found in moving out
Back references (minimal or drastic depending on the reference)

24. Typical sequences found in moving out
Topic initial elicitors (minimal or drastic depending on the response).

25. Typical sequences found in moving out
In conversation objects (may be drastic)

26. Typical sequences found in moving out
Solicitudes (usually minimal)

27. Typical sequences found in moving out
Appreciations (minimal)