1. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Muon g-2 experiment (E969) to 0.25 ppm and deuteron EDM (dEDM) to 10 -29 e∙cm Yannis K. Semertzidis Brookhaven National Laboratory Muon g-2: We made a presentation at P5 (27 March 2006) and expect a report from P5 ~summer 2006 dEDM: submit an LOI to BNL this Summer and proposal in 2007 Muon g-2; deuteron EDM RHIC/AGS Users meeting BNL, 9 June 2006

2. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 The Muon Storage Ring: B ≈ 1.45T, P μ ≈ 3 GeV/c Sitting idle waiting for the next challenge…

3. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 G.B. et al., Phys.Rev.Lett.92:161802,2004, hep-ex/0401008 Error: 0.5ppm, Statistics dominated Present result statistics limited Theoretical error is expected to improve by a factor of ~2 Upgrade: More muons/proton; upgrade detectors to take the increased rate 0.25 ppm realistically achievable; up to 5-6 sigma difference possible Muon g-2

4. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 A factor of 2 improvement in BOTH experiment and theory Upgrade the pion beamline to obtain more muons/proton Upgrade the experiment to cope with the increased rate Theoretical error is expected to be reduced by a factor of ~2 …sensitivity to new physics improves substantially

5. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 g - 2 for the muon Largest contribution : Other standard model contributions : QED hadronic weak The muon g-2 is sensitive to physics effects in an integral way…

6. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 New Physics Sensitivity (W. Marciano, P5)

7. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Errors from Theory and Experiment (W. Marciano, P5)

8. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Motivation (W. Marciano, P5)

9. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 The (g-2) discrepancy is consistent with other constraints on the SUSY LSP being the dark matter candidate. scalar mass gaugino mass CMSSM calculation Following Ellis, Olive, Santoso, Spanos, from K. Olive E821 error = 0.5 ppm

10. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Future Comparison:  E969 = 0.25 ppm;  E969 =  now

11. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Muon g-2 beamline Pions @ 3.115 GeV/c Decay muons @ 3.094 GeV/c Open inflector x 2 Quadruple the quadrupoles x 2 – 3 Beam increase design factor x 4 – 6

12. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 New segmented detectors of tungsten / scintillating- fiber ribbons to deal with pile-up Prototype work and simulations underway New custom electronics and DAQ

13. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 4 Billion e + with E>2GeV

14. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Muon g-2 Historically (g-2) has placed a major hurdle in the path of new theories beyond the standard model. –(See the letters from Altarelli, Davier, Ellis, Jackiw, Jaffe, Kane, Wilczek, Winstein sent to P5) The (g-2) result must fit with other evidence into a consistent picture of new physics. It will be important to particle physics even beyond the LHC era –e.g., determining the value of tan 

15. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Resonance Electric Dipole Moment Method In search of new physics through precision Electric Dipole Moment Experiments

16. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Resonance Electric Dipole Moment Method Novel, moderate cost experiment, offering the next sensitivity level in hadronic EDMs 5m 10m D=0 D0D0 B  2T Orlov ring

17. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 A Permanent EDM Violates both T & P Symmetries: + - + - T + - P

18. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 T-Violation CP-Violation CPT Andrei Sakharov 1967: CP-Violation is one of three conditions to enable a universe containing initially equal amounts of matter and antimatter to evolve into a matter-dominated universe, which we see today….

19. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Main competition: Neutron EDM 2005 Exp begin data taking Exp goal 2007 UCN-PSI 10 -27 e  cm 2009UCN-ILL 2  10 -28 e  cm/yr 2011UCN-LANL/SNS 1  10 -28 e  cm 2008

20. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Storage Ring Electric Dipole Moments D @ 10 -29 e·cm would be the best EDM sensitivity over present or planned experiments for  QCD, quark, and quark- chromo (T-odd Nuclear Forces) EDMs. P, D, 3 He, etc., i.e. a facility to pin down the CP-violation source. Systematics are different… Y. Orlov et al., PRL 96, 214802 (2006)

21. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Dipole Moments in Storage Rings Dipole Moments in Storage Rings: Sensitive probes of physics beyond the SM EDM: Probe of new CP-violation source Muon g-2 upgrade at BNL (E969): March 2006, presentation to P5. Report due this Summer dEDM: Submit an LOI to BNL for consideration this Summer and proposal in 2007. Moderate cost, high physics potential experiments should be supported…

22. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Extra Slides

23. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 E969 Baseline – 0.25 ppm total error Systematic error goals: –for  a : 0.1 ppm –for  p : 0.1 ppm Statistical error goal: –for  a : 0.2 ppm Total Error Goal: –a  : 0.25 ppm (L. Roberts, P5)

24. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Status and goal (W. Marciano, P5)

25. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Future measurements at VEPP-2000 Factor >10 in luminosity Up to 2 GeV c.m. energy CMD-3: major upgrade of CMD-2 (new drift chamber, LXe calorimeter) measure 2  mode to 0.2-0.3% measure 4  mode to 1-2% overall improvement in R precision by factor 2-3 Under construction. Data taking is expected to start is 2007-2008.

26. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Theory (W. Marciano, P5)

27. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Future Comparison:  E969 = 0.25 ppm;  E969  Historically (g-2) has played an important role in restricting models of new physics.

28. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Field systematic uncertainties, ordered by importance SourceE821 (ppm) E969 (ppm) Comment Calibration of trolley probe0.090.06Improved shimming in the calibration region; improved registration of trolley location in ring Interpolation with fixed probes0.070.06Repairs and retuning of a number of probes to improve the sampling of the ring field Absolute calibration0.05 Could improve using a 3 He based probe Trolley measurements of B00.050.02More frequent trolley runs; mechanical maintenance of trolley drive and garage; Extensive measurements of trolley NMR probe active volumes Muon distribution0.030.02Simulations of storage ring; improved shimming “Other” eddy currents higher multipoles trolley temp and PS response 0.100.05 in situ measurement of eddy currents Improved shimming Modifications to trolley and PS Total0.170.11 (L. Roberts, P5)

29. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Precession frequency systematic uncertainties, ordered by importance SourceE821 (ppm) E969 (ppm) Comments Gain stability0.120.03Full WFD samples recorded; stability of laser calibration with local reference detectors; single-phase WFDs Lost muons0.090.04New scraping scheme; improved kick Pileup:T method Q method (not applicable) 0.080.07Recording all samples, no threshold, will eliminate ambiguity from low-energy pulses CBO: coherent betatron oscillations0.070.04Improved kick; new scraping; taller calorimeters E and pitch correction0.05 Should be improved with better storage ring simulation, but we keep it as is for now Timing shifts0.020.01Laser calibration; precision determined by amount of data collected AGS background0.01 Sweeper magnet maintained Fit procedure and bin width0.060.01Limited by number of simulated trials performed Vertical waist0.030.01CBO related; see above Other small effects< 0.03< 0.02These either scale with the data set size or from the simulations demonstrating “no effect” Total0.210.11 (L. Roberts, P5)

30. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 The error budget for E969 represents a continuation of improvements already made during E821 Field improvements: better trolley calibrations, better tracking of the field with time, temperature stability of room, improvements in the hardware Precession improvements will involve new scraping scheme, lower thresholds, more complete digitization periods, better energy calibration Systematic uncertainty (ppm)1998199920002001E969 Goal Magnetic field –  p 0.50.40.240.170.1 Anomalous precession –  a 0.80.30.310.210.1 Statistical uncertainty (ppm)4.91.30.620.660.2 Total Uncertainty (ppm)5.01.30.730.720.25 (L. Roberts, P5)

31. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Funding Profile by Year construction operation Construction Operations (L. Roberts, P5)

32. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 BNL E969 Collaboration R.M. Carey, I. Logashenko, K.R. Lynch, J.P. Miller, B.L. Roberts Boston University G. Bunce, W. Meng, W. Morse, P. Pile, Y.K. Semertzidis Brookhaven National Laboratory D. Grigoriev, B.I. Khazin, S.I. Redin, Y. M. Shatunov, E. Solodov Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics F.E. Gray, B. Lauss, E.P. Sichtermann UC Berkeley and LBL Y. Orlov – Cornell University J. Crnkovic, P. Debevec, D.W. Hertzog, P. Kammel, S. Knaack, R. McNabb University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign K.L. Giovanetti – James Madison University K.P. Jungmann, C.J.G. Onderwater – KVI Groningen T.P. Gorringe, W. Korsch U. Kentucky P. Cushman – University of Minnesota M. Aoki, Y. Arimoto, Y. Kuno, A. Sato, K. Yamada Osaka University S. Dhawan, F.J.M. Farley – Yale University (L. Roberts, P5)

33. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Inflector Kicker Modules Storage ring Central orbit Injection orbit Pions Target Protons (from AGS)p=3.1GeV/c Experimental Technique Muon polarization Muon storage ring injection & kicking focus by Electric Quadrupoles 24 electron calorimeters R=711.2cm d=9cm (1.45T) Electric Quadrupoles (L. Roberts, P5)

34. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Space limitations prevent matching the inflector exit to the storage aperture Upper Pole Piece (L. Roberts, P5)

35. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 The E821 inflector magnet had closed ends which scattered away half the beam. Length = 1.7 m; Central field = 1.45T Open end prototype, built and tested → X2 Increase in Beam (L. Roberts, P5)

36. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Baselining costs0.4 AGS/Booster Rehab including ES&H11.7 Construction (44% contingency) 12.2 Universities (27% contingency)2.4 Operations (includes FTEs to support cryo and external beam operations) 13.6 Total Costs40.2 Summary: E821 and E969 Costs E821 costs (M$) (as spent $) –Capital 25.0 1989-1998 –Operations 54.0 1998-2001 –Total E821 79.0 E969 Costs (2006 M$) (L. Roberts, P5)

37. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Funds needed to baseline the costs (not included in construction cost estimate) 1.0 g-2 Ring/Building maintenance –1 man month to engineer an air conditioning system for bldg 919 1.1 V/V1 Beam Lines –1 man-months engineering –1 man-months physicist 1.2 Inflector –A quote from the Furukawa Company for superconductor 1.3 E Quads –Nothing new, defendable 1.8 Kicker –Nothing new, defendable 1.11 Cryogenics ( to determine scope) –2 man-months engineering –1 man-month tech 1.12 Vacuum System –1 man-month engineering 1.14 Booster/AGS –0.5 man month engineering –0.5 man month physicist ES&H – review operation within present guidelines –1 man-month physicist –1 man month engineer Preparation of Cost Books, Resource Loaded Schedules, CD0-1 documents etc –4 man-months engineering –4 man--months physicist Summary –11 man-month engineering – 7 man-month physicist – 1 man-month tech Required Budget ~ $360K Calendar Time Required ~ 6-8 months (L. Roberts, P5)

38. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Cost Summary: E969 Construction Experiment Construction, Direct CostsM$ Contingency –G-2 Ring and building$ 0.5621% –V/V1 Beam Line modifications$ 2.5918% –Inflector (open ends)$ 0.6419% –E-Quad rebuild$ 0.1315% –Additional muon Kicker$ 0.4115% –Cryogenic plant rehab$ 0.74233% –Ring Vacuum System $ 0.1629% –Equipment Testing$ 0.6920% –Project Office$ 0.3720% Sub-Total, direct costs$ 6.3 Indirects (reduced)$ 2.2 Contingency (44%)$ 3.7 Sub-Total, with indirects$ 12.2 University (Detectors/DAQ)$ 2.4 Total$ 14.6 FY 2006 $’s (L. Roberts, P5)

39. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Cost Summary: AGS/Booster Restoration to High Intensity AGS/Booster, Direct CostsM$ Contingency –Electrical Modifications$ 2.1122% –Mechanical Modifications$ 1.2520% –RF System Modifications$ 0.6722% –Instrumentation$ 0.3420% –Project Support$ 0.3334% –Controls $ 0.1624% –ES&H (CAPS)$ 2.6328% Sub-Total, direct costs$ 7.5 Indirects (reduced)$ 1.9 Contingency (24%)$ 2.3 Total$ 11.7 FY 2006 $’s (L. Roberts, P5)

40. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 E969 Operations Cost Summary Year Wks w/RHIC Wks Alone Physics Wks Cost (M$) 1 st 12 0 3 $ 5.8 2 nd 20 0 15 $ 7.8 Total 34 0 18 $ 13.6 If warranted to push beyond 0.25 ppm, an additional 10-15 week run with RHIC adds ~$6-7M FY 2006 $’s (L. Roberts, P5)

41. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 Milestones/Timeline (by FY) CD0 Beamline design – backward/forward decision; detector prototype; simulations of injection, scraping, CBO damping; decide on scope of cryo work; begin tube/base development +9 Months CD1; Begin electronics engineering CD2 - Engineering on beamline, Cryo CD3 - Start to order long leadtime items e.g. Inflector, rad-hard front- end magnets, etc.; Refurbish storage ring; develop on-line; develop NMR tools for 0.1 ppm. Construction Shim magnet, improve on absolute calibration CD4 - Finish construction, few weeks of low intensity beam Commission experiment, engineering and short physics run Major data collection run 0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 (L. Roberts, P5)

42. Yannis K. Semertzidis, RHIC/AGS Users meeting, 9 June 2006 The ± 1 ppm uniformity in the average field is obtained with special shimming tools. We can shim the dipole, quadrupole sextupole independently E969 will require additional shimming, monitoring and calibration 0.5 ppm contours (L. Roberts, P5)