1. Let’s Learn 3. Modules Saenthong School, January – February 2016
Teacher: Aj. Andrew Davison, CoE, PSU Hat Yai Campus
3. Modules
Using modules to give Python even more POWER
Look at built-in modules: random, math, turtle, winsound
Start turtle graphics.
Look at installing easygui using pip
Using easygui

2. 1. What is a Module?
A module is a program that adds extra features to Python
e.g. for 3D graphics, for writing games
There are lots of modules that come with Python
called built-in or standard modules
It is easy to add more
called third-party modules

3. Python's Design A small … plus lots language … of modules turtle math
winsound

4. 2. Using the random Module

5. List Modules Already in Python

6. Help on any Modules using the word "random"

7. Module Documentation
click on "modules"

9. Information on random
Look under 'r' in the Python Module Index

10. 3. The math Module import math or from math import * Function name
Description
abs(value)
absolute value
ceil(value)
rounds up
cos(value)
cosine, in radians
degrees(value)
convert radians to degrees
floor(value)
rounds down
log(value, base)
logarithm in any base
log10(value)
logarithm, base 10
max(value1, value2, ...)
larger of two (or more) values
min(value1, value2, ...)
smaller of two (or more) values
radians(value)
convert degrees to radians
round(value)
nearest whole number
sin(value)
sine, in radians
sqrt(value)
square root
tan(value)
tangent
Constant
Description e pi
import math or
from math import *

12. Information on math
Look under 'm' in the Python Module Index

13. 4. The turtle Module
The turtle moves about in a drawing window with a pen for drawing lines.
The turtle can be told to turn a number of degrees, move a distance, move to a new position, and change its pen's color and line width
If the turtle’s pen is down, it draws a line; otherwise, it moves without drawing

14. The Turtle Drawing Window
90°
The turtle is an icon
Initial position: (0, 0)
Initial direction: East (0°)
Color: black
Line width: 1 pixel
Pen: down (ready to draw)
x-axis
(0,0)
180° 0°
270°
y-axis

15. Create a Turtle Tell Python to add the Turtle command to its
built-in commands
>>> from turtle import Turtle
>>> sleepy = Turtle()

16. Some turtle Commands home() # Return to (0, 0) and 0° (east)
down() # Enable drawing
up() # Disable drawing
forward(distance) # Go distance in current direction
goto(x, y) # Go to (x, y)
left(degrees) # Add degrees to current direction
setheading(degrees) # Make degrees the new direction
width(width) # Set width of pen in pixels
color(color) # Red, green, blue, etc.

17. Move a Distance Move 50 pixels in the current direction.
>>> from turtle import Turtle
>>> sleepy = Turtle()
>>> sleepy.forward(50)
Move 50 pixels in the current direction.
There's also a backward() command.

18. Turning Left or Right
A turtle can turn left or right by a number of degrees
e.g. sleepy.left(45)
This angle is offset from the turtle's current forward direction.
left(45)
forward
left(45)
forward

19. Tell the turtle to draw a square
Square.py

20. Draw a House
House.py

21. A Blue Equilateral Triangle
Triangle.py

22. Why those Angle? Why does the square need 4 turns of 90*?
Why does the triangle need 3 turns of 120*?
Look for a pattern...
4 * 90 == 3 * == degrees
How would you get the turtle to draw a five-sided shape (a pentagon)?

23. A Faster Turtle
Square.py

25. Filling the Shape with Color
Square.py

27. Drawing (Bits of) Circles
Circles.py

28. Writing Text
HelloWorld.py

29. goto(x,y) The usual turtle window has -200 ≤ x ≤ 200 and
Also used in setpos(x,y)

30. Print Information about the Turtle
>>> from turtle import Turtle
>>> sleepy = Turtle()
>>> sleepy.goto(0, 50)
>>> print(sleepy.position(), sleepy.pencolor(), \
sleepy.heading(), sleepy.isdown())
(0.00,50.00) black 0.0 True

31. Information on turtle
Look under 't' in the Python Module Index

32. 6. Windows Sound: winsound

33. Have you seen Star Wars? Run the programs: Python Gangnam Style:
March.py
playSound.py
Python Gangnam Style:
Gangnam.py

34. 7. Getting More Modules https://pypi.python.org/pypi
I'll search for "GUI"

35. lots more off the bottom of this picture

36. the "easygui" looks good; click on it for
lots more details

37. Info on easygui The easygui webpage: An easygui tutorial:
you can also download easygui from there
then use pip on the downloaded zip file
An easygui tutorial:

38. 8. Installing a PyPI Module
Use the pip program that comes as part of the Python download.
Use it from the Command window.

39. Use pip to Search PyPI

40. Use pip to Install easygui

41. More pip commands pip help pip list
gives help on using pip
pip list
lists the extra (thitd-party) modules that you have added to Python
pip install <downloaded file>
installs a module that you've downloaded yourself

42. 9. Use easygui in Python

43. Use easygui with Less Typing
Tell Python to add all the
easygui commands to
Python's built-in commands

44. Getting the "OK" Input

45. Dialog Box with Buttons
IceButtons.py

46. (Ugly) Choice Box
IceChoice.py

47. Text Input
IceEnter.py

48. Response