1. ANTHONY PYM RESEARCH DESIGNS

2. © Intercultural Studies Group Topic Research question Hypothesis Research tools Methodology (observation, experiment, mixed- methods) Data Expected results Expected benefits RESEARCH DESIGN

3. © Intercultural Studies Group “If you talk to a man in a language he understands, it goes to his head. If you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart.” Nelson Mandela FOR EXAMPLE

4. © Intercultural Studies Group FOR EXAMPLE

5. © Intercultural Studies Group FOR EXAMPLE

6. © Intercultural Studies Group Topic: Translations of Nelson Mandela in South Africa Research question: How different are the South African translations of Nelson Mandela’s Long Walk to Freedom? Hypothesis: The translation into Xhosa is less democratic than the other translations. Research tools: Text comparison; interviews; publication and distribution analysis; (help from specialist linguists) Method: Observational (mixed method) FOR EXAMPLE

7. © Intercultural Studies Group Data: ST and translations; peritexts; paratexts; print runs, distribution figures; book prices; school curricula. Expected results: The Xhosa translations uses pre- modern concepts of governance; other translations (except Afrikaans) had no distribution network, so their ultimate effect was more elitist than the Xhosa translation. (So what does “democracy” mean?) Expected benefits: A questioning of South Africa’s policy of 11 co-official languages. FOR EXAMPLE

8. © Intercultural Studies Group Topic Research question Hypothesis Research tools Data Expected results Expected benefits NOW YOUR RESEARCH DESIGN