1. 9.3 Fermentation

2. Life without oxygen?
Cellular respiration only happens when oxygen is present
What happens if oxygen isn’t available?

3. I. Fermentation Glycolysis quickly produces ATP without oxygen
If too much ATP is made, no more NAD+ are available
Eventually, no more ATP can be made
Electron chain only runs if oxygen is present

4. I. Fermentation There is a pathway that can make ATP without oxygen
Fermentation: the process of glycolysis and the anaerobic pathway combined
Without oxygen, fermentation releases energy from food molecules by producing ATP

5. I. Fermentation NADH becomes NAD+ by giving electrons to pyruvic acid
NAD+ can then be used for glycolysis again
Fermentation occurs in the:?????

6. A. Alcoholic Fermentation
Yeasts and other microorganisms use alcoholic fermentation
Used to make bread and alcoholic beverages
Formula:
Pyruvic acid + NADH Alcohol + CO2 + NAD+

7. B. Lactic Acid Fermentation
Most organisms & you, carry out lactic acid fermentation
Used in your muscles
Give products like sour cream and yogurt their sour taste
Formula:
Pyruvic acid + NADH Lactic acid+ NAD+

8. What does it look like?