1. Ancient Greece Study Cards

2. What is the word for the territories of Ancient Greece?

3. Polis or city-states

4. Describe Greek city states.

5. Mostly surrounded by farmland No more than 20,000 people Covered approximately 100sq miles Mostly near Aegean Sea Spoke mostly Greek

6. What is aristocracy?

7. Few noble or upper-class families hold power Means “rule of the best”

8. What is tyranny?

9. One man is the dictator Seizes power illegally

10. What is oligarchy?

11. Ruled by few rich men Means “rule by few”

12. What is democracy?

13. Power is shared by large number of citizens Citizens debate, decide policy and elect officials

14. Which form of government became the pattern for most city-states?

15. democracy

16. What was the Athenian Assembly?

17. The group that passed laws, levied taxes and voted on issues of war and peace

18. What were the citizenship requirements in Athens?

19. Must be male Must be 18 years old May not be a slave Must have two Athenian parents

20. What was most important to Spartans?

21. Military ability

22. Which god was honored by the Olympic games?

23. Zeus

24. What was the Olympic Truce?

25. A time of no fighting

26. What caused the Persian Wars?

27. The people of Miletus rebelled against Persian rule and asked the Greeks to overthrow Persia

28. What happened at the battle of Marathon?

29. The Greeks defeated the Persians even though they were badly outnumbered

30. What happened at the battle of Thermopylae?

31. A Greek traitor told the Persians how to surround the Greek army along the narrow pass

32. How did the Greeks win the battle of Salamis?

33. The Greeks led the Persians through shallow waters – their boats got stuck and were easy targets for the Greeks

34. Name Pericles’ major accomplishments.

35. Strengthened democracy by convincing Athenians to pay citizens for government work, allowing poor citizens to participate in government Encouraged the rebuilding of the acropolis after it had been destroyed in the Persian wars Patron of the arts and supported dramatists, painters, sculptors, and architects

36. What is the Acropolis?

37. A complex of buildings that overlooked Athens

38. What is the most famous building in the Acropolis?

39. The Parthenon

40. Which god did the Parthenon honor?

41. Athena

42. What was the Peloponnesian League?

43. An alliance of city-states which included Sparta Named for Peloponnesus, a mountainous peninsula where Sparta, Thebes, and Corinth were located Designed to counteract Athenian supremacy

44. What started the Peloponnesian War?

45. Relations between Athens and the Peloponnesian League began to deteriorate

46. What was Athens war strategy?

47. Use their strong navy and avoid land battle

48. Who won the Peloponnesian War?

49. Who won the Peloponnesian War and who lost? Sparta, the Peloponnesian League, won Athens lost

50. What happened to Athens because they lost the war?

51. They had to tear down their city walls They lost their navy Democracy was banned A Spartan king was put in charge

52. How was Socrates different from earlier philosophers?

53. He was less concerned about where the world came from He was more concerned with how humans ought to behave

54. What is the Socratic method?

55. A teaching method where the teacher asks a series of questions leading the student to discover the answer for him or herself

56. How did Socrates die?

57. He was put on trial for misleading young Athenian men He was sentenced to death He was poisoned

58. How did Plato differ from Socrates?

59. Plato used traditional teaching methods He taught in an academy rather than the streets He was more concerned about what the ideal of goodness was than about helping people realize how they were living

60. List Aristotle’s major contributions to society.

61. He developed the basics of scientific research by collecting facts, analyzing them, and developing theories He wrote books on how to lead good and just lives He wrote books on government and said “the purpose of the state was to make the good life possible for its slaves”

62. What areas did Alexander conquer?

63. Greece Persia Iran Afghanistan Turkey The Middle East Egypt Part of India

64. What is the Hellenistic period?

65. The period after Alexander’s death, when Greek culture spread to the Mediterranean world

66. What is the library of Alexandria?

67. A library with more than 700,000 scrolls Attracted many thinkers of the ancient world