1. The Atlantic World to 1590

2. European Civilization in Turmoil Allure of the East – Spices and textiles Challenge of Islam – All overland routes to East were controlled by Muslims – European $$$ vs. Muslim Nations $$$ – Crusades Crusades Trade, Commerce and Urbanization – New financial practices Accounting methods Marine Insurance Deposit banking – Capitalism-an economic system in which a market economy, geared toward the max of profit, determines the prices of goods and services. – New Inventions Printing press / knowledge cheap & available Renaissance –rebirth of classical learning – Valued public art, architecture and philosophical thought Protestant Reformation-Martin Luther 1517 New Monarchs and Rise of the Nation-State

3. Columbus and Columbian Exchange Columbus Encounters the Indians-1492 – Not unique in discovery but,… he did Printing press published his success (TMZ effect) and encouraged others Colombian Exchange European Technology – Shipbuilding and mapmaking – Metallurgical techniques – Horses – Gunpowder Conquest of Aztec-1521 Conquest of Inca-1522 African Slavery

4. European Colonization of Atlantic World Creation of New Spain France’s North Atlantic Empire English Expansion: Ireland and Virginia