2. China Reunifies I.After the fall of the Han Dynasty, rival kingdoms fought for power A. this is known as the “period of disunion” (220-589) 1. many other groups invaded/settled all over China a. blended together to form a new culture b. new culture spread over a wide geographic area

3. II. Sui Dynasty (589-618) 1. reunifies/ restores order a. begins building the Grand Canal linking north and south

4. III. Tang Dynasty (618- 907) A. expanded the empire into east and central Asia

5. B. The “golden age” 1. Culture flourished 2. Capital: Chang’an (Xi’an) a. largest city in the world

6. C. Empress Wu (625-705) 1. her sons were not worthy to rule 2. brought stability while ruling with an “iron fist” D. After the Tang: China divided again 1. 907- 960: Five Dynasties & Ten Kingdoms

7. IV. Song Dynasty (960-1279) 2. A faster ripening rice was discovered, result: 2 to 3 times more rice produced a. population increased A.Great advances in farming methods 1. wheat in the north & rice in the south

8. V. The Age of Buddhism ( 400-845 ) A. began in India in 500bc B. many began practicing during the period of disunion after the fall of the Han 1. “suffering can end through cycle of rebirth” C. influenced art, literature, architecture D. blended with Confucianism & Daoism

9. VI. Achievements of the Tang & Song 1. irrigation: the dragon backbone pump 2. city life: busy trading centers A. Persians, Arabs, Koreans, & Europeans 3. trade grew along with cities A. exported: tea, rice, spices, jade

10. B. Silk & porcelain 1. kept technology a secret to control trade

11. 4. Other inventions: gunpowder Woodblock printing Magnetic compass Paper money

12. Write down as many details about the following inventions as you can… …You will use the information for the next project…

13. VII. Confucianism and Government 1. Confucius’ ideas influenced the Song Dynasty A. focused on two principles of ethics 1. ren: concern for others 2. li: proper behavior

14. 2. Neo- Confucianism A. Buddhist, Daoist, Confucius’ ideas blended together 1. emphasized spiritual matters a. why do good people do bad things?

15. 3. Scholar officials A. educated government officials 1. civil service exams a. those who passed became part of bureaucracy for life 2.created a stable, efficient government

16. VIII. Yuan Dynasty (1279-1368) 1. Mongol Empire A. Genghis Khan 1. invaded from north 2. bloody attacks wiped out many towns & cities

17. B. Kublai Khan 1. Begins Yuan Dynasty A. foreign rule B. largest empire in world history 2. Marco Polo of Italy A. visits Kublai, tells Europeans of a highly civilized China

18. IX. The Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) A. Mongols defeated B. Forbidden City is built C. China’s fame expands overseas

19. 1.The voyages of Zheng He proved how powerful China had become

20. The wall appears as a thin orange band Great Wall facts: Built in the 15th century during the Ming Dynasty 16 to 26 feet high (area shown here) entire wall is about 1,864 miles long D. Great Wall rebuilt 1. to keep the northern tribes out

21. E. Ming mistake? 1. Emperor forbids foreign trade a. policy of isolation b. Was this a good policy?

22. Instructions: create a timeline using the dates from your notes 220 Han Dynasty “period of disunion” 589 Sui Dynasty 618 907 Tang Dynasty 5 Dynasties & 10 kingdoms 960 Song Dynasty Age of Buddhism845 400 12791368 Yuan Dynasty 1644 907 Ming Dynasty