1. CELLULAR RESPIRATION TOPIC 3.6 (core) and TOPIC 8.1 (HL)

2. Topic 3.7 Cellular respiration Objectives Define cell respiration. State that, in cell respiration, glucose in the cytoplasm is broken down by glycolysis into pyruvate, with a small yield of ATP. Explain that, during anaerobic cell respiration, pyruvate can be converted in the cytoplasm into lactate, or ethanol and carbon dioxide, with no further yield of ATP. Explain that, during aerobic cell respiration, pyruvate can be broken down in the mitochondrion into carbon dioxide and water with a large yield of ATP.

3. What are the forms of energy? Which form of energy is used by living things? What is the main source of energy for the Earth? How do living things get this energy?

4. What are the biological works which require energy? 1. 2. 3. 4.

5. Energy can be converted from one form to another, but it is neither created nor destroyed. * All cells use ATP for their cellular activities.

6. Organic molecules have chemical energy. 1gr carbohydrate4.2 kcal 1gr protein4.3 kcal 1gr lipid9.3 kcal Why do lipids store more energy than other organic molecules?

8. Structure of ATP

10. 1- Substrate level phosphorylation 2- Oxidaditive phoshorylation 3- Photophosphorylation 4- Chemophosphorylation ATP PRODUCTION

11. GENERAL FORMULA OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION

12. Glucose Pyruvic acid fermentation Aerobic respiration in mitochondria Ethanol İn yeast Lactic acid in muscle cell glycolysis

14. GLYCOLYSIS 1- 2- 3- 4- 5.

15. CITRIC ACID (KREBS) CYCLE

16. ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN ETS is a group of protein that transfer electrons. Most of the ATPs are produced by oxidative phoshorylation in the ETS.

17. LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION

18. ETHYL ALCOHOL FERMENTATION

19. HL TOPIC 8.1:Cell respiration State that oxidation involves the loss of electrons from an element, whereas reduction involves a gain of electrons; and that oxidation frequently involves gaining oxygen or losing hydrogen, whereas reduction frequently involves losing oxygen or gaining hydrogen. Outline the process of glycolysis, including phosphorylation, lysis, oxidation and ATP formation. Draw and label a diagram showing the structure of a mitochondrion as seen in electron micrographs. Explain aerobic respiration, including the link reaction, the Krebs cycle, the role of NADH + H+, the electron transport chain and the role of oxygen. Explain oxidative phosphorylation in terms of chemiosmosis. Explain the relationship between the structure of the mitochondrion and its function.

21. HL-8.1.1 Cellular respiration is an oxidation reduction (redox) rection.

23. REDOX REACTIONS IN CELLULAR RESPİRATİON

24. How does oxidation take place in the living things?

25. What is the role of glucose in redox reaction? Which molecules are reduced? *What is the role of oxygen in redox reaction *In fermentation last e acceptor is pyruvic acid and acetaldehyde.

26. Redox reaction during glycolysis

27. Glucose 3C molec pyruvate Acetyl-Co A Acetyle Co-A Krebs cycle ETS 2 ATP 2H

32. Electron transport system (ETS)

33. Chemiosmosis