1. Smart Grid & Integration of Renewable Energy Resources

2.  The Smart Grid is a combination of hardware, management and reporting software, built atop an intelligent communications infrastructure.  In the world of the Smart Grid, consumers and utility companies alike have tools to manage, monitor and respond to energy issues.  The flow of electricity from utility to consumer becomes a two-way conversation, saving consumers money, energy, delivering more transparency in terms of end-user use, and reducing carbon emissions. What is Smart Grid ?

3.  Modernization of the electricity delivery system so that it monitors, protects and automatically optimizes the operation of its interconnected elements – from the central and distributed generator through the high-voltage network and distribution system, to industrial users and building automation systems, to energy storage installations and to end-use consumers and their thermostats, electric vehicles, appliances and other household devices.  The Smart Grid in large, sits at the intersection of Energy, IT and Telecommunication Technologies. 3 What is Smart Grid ?

4. Pillars of Smart Grid  Transmission Optimization  Demand Side Management  Distribution Optimization  Asset Optimization

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6. Need for development of Smart Grid having features like-  Phasor Measurement Technique  Wide Area Measurement (WAM)  Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS)  Adoptive Islanding  Self healing Grids  Probabilistic and Dynamic Stability Assessment  Distributed and autonomous Control 6 Technology Integration & Grid Management

7.  Time synchronized sub-second data  Dynamic behavior observing  Directly provides the phase angles (State Estimation to State Measurement)  Improve post disturbance assessment  High data rates and low latency due to computation 7 Benefits of PMU

8. LD&C_SCADA Network model State Estimator SCADA Telemetry VKV PMW QMVARHz ~ Open Close SCADA Telemetry Several Seconds to a Minute milli secs to sec STATE MEASUREMENT STATE ESTIMATION Traditionally developed for accommodating old information technology regime (Slow communication, data without time stamp) Made possible for all round development in technologies 8 SCADA Vs PMU

9. 9 Overview of Smart Grid

10.  Transmission  Distribution  System Operations Advance Metering Infrastructures Asset Management etc. Asset Management HVDC and UHVAC etc. Self Healing Grids WAMS Adaptive Islanding etc. 10 Smart Grid in Power Sector

11. Smart Grid in Distribution

12. Smart Grid in Distribution  Distribution Automization  Demand Optimaization - Selective Load Control  Operation –Islanding of Micro-grids

13. Distribution Automization/Optimization  Managing Distribution Network Model  Outage management and AMI Integration  DMS & Advanced Switching Applications  Integrated Voltage / VAR Control

14. Demand Optimization  Demand Response – Utility  Demand Response – Consumer  Demand Response Management System  In Home Technology enabling

15. Demand Optimization  Smart Metering –  Automatic, Time of Use, Consumer Communication & Load Control  Communications : Automated Metering Infrastructure (AMI) – LAN, WAN, HAN  DRMS (Demand Response Management)  In Home enabling technology – Demand in three category: Immediate, Deferrable, Storable – Customer aggregation & De-aggregation required for Peak shifting

16. Demand Optimization: Advanced Web Portal  Energy Usage Information  Utility Communication  Consumer Enrollment in DR programs  In Home Technology- Availability & Purchase, Device Provisioning

17. Control Center with Service Oriented Architecture (BUS)  Having – GIS (geo-spatial Information Systems), – AMI, – SAP (ERP), – OMS (Outage management System), – DMS (Distribution Management System), – EMS (Energy Management System), – DRMS (Demand Response management System).  Model manager synchronizes GIS data with OMS, DMS & EMS.

18. Expectation of Technology & Solution Partners  To associate and collaborate with Smart Grid players in other parts of globe  Develop local expertise to manufacture and provide support services  Development of CIM  Application Development in India Power Sector Context.

19. Why Smart Grid?  Integrate isolated technologies : Smart Grid enables better energy management.  Proactive management of electrical network during emergency situations.  Better demand supply / demand response management.  Better power quality  Reduce carbon emissions.  Increasing demand for energy : requires more complex and critical solution with better energy management

21. Drivers of Smart Grid  Increasing demand:  High Aggregate Technical & Non Technical, Losses:18%- 62%  Ageing assets…transformers, feeders etc.,  Grid to carry more power: Need for, Reliability and greater Security  Billing and collections: Profitability of distribution companies  Energy mix: Need for Renewable to reduce carbon footprint

22. Implementation leads to …..  Deliver sustainable energy  Increased efficiency  Empower consumers  Improve reliability  Smart Grid

23. New Technologies for…..  Energy Storage to support a Resilient Smart Grid (Comparing & evaluating cost competitiveness of: Compressed air, pumped hydro, ultra capacitors, flywheels, battery tech, fuel cells.)  Smart Grid & Electric Vehicle Integration (How can electric Vehicle optimize the use of renewable energy resources, improve efficiency)

24. Wind Generation Potential in INDIA

25. Wind Speed: 6.0 m/s Wind Speed: 6.4 m/s Wind Speed: 7.0 m/s Wind Speed: 7.5 m/s Wind Speed: 8.0m/s The wind power potential on a national level, base data collected from 10 states considering only 1% of land availability, is around 46,092 MW. Wind Power Potential

26. Estimated Wind Power Potential India State Gross Potential (MW) Andhra Pradesh9063 Gujrat7362 Karnatka7161 Kerala1026 Madhya Pradesh4978 Maharashtra4519 Orissa1520 Rajasthan6672 Tamil nadu4159 West Bengal32 Total46092

27. Map showing the solar radiation across India

28. Solar Power Potential  If tropical India were to convert just 1% of the 5,000 trillion kilowatt-hour of solar radiation (or, simply, sunlight) it receives a year into energy, the country will have enough to meet its energy needs.  In most parts of India, clear sunny weather is experienced 250 to 300 days a year. The annual global radiation varies from 1600 to 2200 kWh/sq.m. The equivalent energy potential is about 6,000 million GWh of energy per year.  The highest annual global radiation is received in Rajasthan and northern Gujarat.

29. Challenges Faced by Smart Grid  Present Infrastructure is inadequate and requires augmentation to support the growth of Smart Grids.  Most renewable resources are intermittent and can not be relied on (in its present form)for secure energy supply  Regulatory Policies to deal with consequences of Smart Grid; like off peak, peak tariffs and other related matters.  Grid Operation : Monitoring & control

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31. POWERGRID’s Initiative towards Smart Grid  Pilot Project in Northern Region  Intelligent Monitoring & Control of the Interconnected Electric Power Grid Using Wide Area Measurements (WAM) for Western Region

32. NR Pilot Project  PMUs (Phasor Measurement Units ) with GPS system to be installed at four substations of Northern Region and PDC at NRLDC, Delhi. (PMU Locations: Moga- 400 KV, Kanpur- 400 KV S/s, Vindhyachal- HVDC, Dadri- HVDC )  To use Phasor Measurements data for better situational awareness and technology evaluation using minimal hardware & software  Use of existing fibre communication link  Project implementation plan: 4 Month from date of award

33. Status of Project  The Project is awarded to M/s SEL on 11/01/10  The completion is likely by May’2010

34. Intelligent Monitoring & Control of the Interconnected Electric Power Grid Using Wide Area Measurements (WAMs) for Western Region

35. Intelligent Monitoring & Control of WR Electric Power Grid Using Wide Area Measurements (WAMs)  The Project is approved by CSIR & Funded by CSIR (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research) under New Millennium India Technology Leadership Initiative (NMITLI)  Along with POWERGRID other members of the consortium are:- – TCS-Leader – IIT Mumbai – Tata Power Company Limited (Tata Power)

36. Wide Area Measurements (WAM) Project Highlights  Project Duration – 3 Years – Implementation Completion 2 Years and testing in last one year.

38. Integration of Renewables  Net Zero – Energy / Water / Waste  Green Community – Self Sufficient & Reliant  Judicial Mix of various Technologies and Options for different use – Use or Supply – Draw or Store – Storage Options  Type of Use – Heating /Cooling – Illumination / Ventilation – Machine Operations – Appliance Powering ( Computers / Printers / Copiers / Faxes) – Domestic Appliances

39. Integration of Renewables  Chioce of Current – AC or Dc – AC – DC – DC – AC – DC  Switches and Disconnectors  Availability of Domestic DC Appliances - Power Packs  Connectivity to Grid – Size of Plant, Distance to Consumers  Control Strategy and Methodology – availability of softwares