1. Covalent Bonding in hydrogen chloride Click to continue

2. Covalent Bonding This type of bonding occurs between atoms of non metal elements. The aim for most elements is to achieve a full outer shell or energy level. This represents a more stable state. Remember the noble gases are unreactive, they do not easily bond with other atoms. They already have full outer energy levels. This example shows how an atom of hydrogen can bond with an atom of chlorine. Click to continue

3. Hydrogen chloride molecule HCl Count the electrons in the outer shell of each atom. Are they full? Click

4. Now lets look at a more complicated molecule Methane Click

5. Methane (found in natural gas) CH 4