1. The Black Death standard 7.6.7

9. Yersinia pestis, the bacterium that causes plague.

10. Symptoms of plague: ● chills ● fever ● diarrhea ● slimy, blood-flecked sputum ● disgusting odors—breath, etc. ● buboes Death in four to seven days.

11. Buboes ooze blood and pus.

12. Acral necrosis: death of the underlying tissue of the skin—the Black Death.

13. Yersinia lives in the stomach of fleas.

14. Fleas live on rats......which live in crowded, dirty places......like ships and cities.

16. This outbreak is thought to have come from Asia

17. A sailing ship from Caffa (in the Ukraine) arrived in Messina in October, 1347. Nearly everyone was dead from plague.

18. The epidemic spread quickly through Europe.

19. The Church's suggestions: 1. Write a prayer on a piece of paper, fold the paper seven times, and then eat it. 2. Pray and ask forgiveness.

20. Doctors didn’t know how to treat patients. Untreated, plague has a 30%-75% death rate.

21. Suggested cures or preventatives: 1.Leaving new milk, warm bread, spiders or small birds in a plague victim's room. 2.Burning incense. 3.Burning leather. 4.Tethering a billygoat indoors. 5.Wearing special necklaces or amulets. 6.Leave the area immediately. 7.Quarantine.

22. An estimated 30% of the population of Europe died.

23. Plague is now easily treated with antibiotics.

24. For further study: How deadly was the plague outbreak of 1347-1351? How did this epidemic bring more freedom to the average people of Europe? Find the answers on pages 279-281. Bring Out Your Dead!