1. What stores information in a cell? DNA

2. What do bacteriophages infect? bacteria.

3. Because of base pairing in DNA, the percentage of thymine molecules in DNA is about equal to the percentage of adenine molecules

4. ___________ experiments advanced the study of genetics by proving that there is a chemical that contains genetic information that can be passed from one organism to another. Griffith’s

5. The diagram is of a a DNA molecule

6. Who purified large amounts of DNA, stretched the fibers so the strands were parallel, and used an X-ray beam to produce an image of the molecule. Rosalind Franklin

7. Which of the following forms a base pair with guanine? cytosine

8. deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine is a _____________ found in DNA nucleotide

9. In eukaryotes, DNA is located in the nucleus.

10. During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases AGCTTG produces a strand with the bases TCGAAC

11. Which part of the bacteriophage contains genetic material B

12. What happens when a piece of DNA is missing? Genetic information is lost.

13. True or False the chronological order of the important discoveries in the structure of DNA is: Chargaff’s ratios of nucleotides  Franklin makes an X-ray diffraction photo of DNA  Watson and Crick identify the double helix True

14. Identify the three main components in the nucleotide The circles are the phosphate group, the pentagons are deoxyribose, and the A and T (adenosine and thymine) are the bases.

15. The molecules represented by the spheres are DNA polymerase

16. Watson and Crick discovered that _______ bonds hold base pairs together at the center of a strand of DNA. hydrogen

17. Which scientist made x-ray diffraction photos of DNA? Franklin

18. Which scientist(s) figured out that the shape of a DNA molecule is a double helix? Watson and Crick

19. The replication of a DNA molecule results in _____ copies of the same gene. two

20. Chargaff contributed to the understanding of DNA by figuring out that the percentages of ______ and _________were almost equal in any sample of DNA. adenine and thymine

21. DNA is tightly wrapped around ____________. histones

22. The Watson and Crick model of DNA is a(an) ____________________, in which two strands are wound around each other. double helix

23. Griffith called the process he observed transformation because the harmless bacteria had been transformed.

24. The tips of chromosomes are known as ___________________. telomeres

25. In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, how many copies of the chromosome are left after replication? 2

26. _________________ are weak bonds that hold the two strands of DNA together, but also allow the DNA to separate and replicate. Hydrogen bonds

27. What enzyme works to add DNA to ends of chromosomes in rapidly dividing cells such as those found in an embryo, to prevent genes from being lost during replication? telomerase

28. True or False In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, DNA replication happens before cell division. True

29. What do the A, T, G and C stand for? adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine