1. Telescopes and The Sky Katherine Rawlins University of Wisconsin- Madison Presented by Jim Madsen UW-RF

2. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 What is a telescope and how does one work? What does the sky look like?

3. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The electromagnetic spectrum

4. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 Electromagnetic Waves Speed = Frequency * Wavelength c = f*

5. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003

6. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The optical telescope A Dobsonian

7. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 WIYN Observatory Kitt Peak, AZ

8. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The Hubble Space Telescope

9. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The optical sky

10. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 Optical image M31 (Andromeda Galaxy)

11. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 Optical image Supernova 1987A

12. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The infrared sky

13. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The radio telescope Parkes Observatory, Australia

14. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The Very Large Array Socorro, NM

15. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 Arecibo Observatory Puerto Rico

16. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The radio sky

17. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 Radio image

18. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 Radio image Jet from M87

19. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The x-ray telescope

20. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 Medical X-rays William Rontgen 1995 In 2000, there were 150 million chest x-rays in the USA!

21. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 CHANDRA

22. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The x-ray sky 1-2 keV energy

23. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The x-ray sky 3/4 keV energy

24. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 X-ray images

25. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The gamma-ray telescope

26. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory

27. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 EGRET, BATSE, COMPTEL, and OSSE

28. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The gamma-ray sky

29. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 Gamma-ray bursts (GRB’s)

30. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The GRB sky

31. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The microwave telescope Penzias and Wilson, 1965

32. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The microwave sky

33. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The Cosmic Microwave Background (in detail)

34. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The particle telescope (?) There are many different kinds! m Cloud chambers m Scintillators m Ionization Chambers m Cherenkov telescopes For detecting… m Electrons m Protons m Muons m Neutrinos

35. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 Super-Kamiokande Mozumi mine, Japan

36. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 Milagro Los Alamos, NM

37. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 Soudan-2 Soudan mine, MN

38. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 AMANDA South Pole, Antarctica

39. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 A Super-K event

40. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 An AMANDA event

41. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The neutrino sky

42. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 Neutrino image The first astronomical point source of neutrinos ever detected!

43. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The take-home message The universe reveals itself piece by piece, in different wavelengths of light and “messenger” particles. Only by collecting all the different pieces can we figure out the whole puzzle. Each new way of looking at the sky requires a new kind of “telescope”.

44. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The multi-wavelength Milky Way Galaxy

45. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 The multi-wavelength Crab Nebula OpticalInfrared RadioX-rayNeutrinos ?

46. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 Web resources & images CGRO: http://cossc.gsfc.nasa.gov/cossc/epo/index.html BATSE: http://gammaray.msfc.nasa.gov/batse/ ROSAT: http://wave.xray.mpe.mpg.de/rosat/ VLA: http://zia.aoc.nrao.edu/vla/html/vlahome/genpublic.html ARECIBO: http://www.naic.edu/about/photos/aoviews.htm WIYN: http://www.noao.edu/wiyn/ HST: http://www.stsci.edu/hst/ COBE: http://space.gsfc.nasa.gov/astro/cobe/ CHANDRA: http://chandra.harvard.edu/ MILAGRO: http://www.lanl.gov/milagro/ SUPER-K: http://neutrino.phys.washington.edu/~superk/ AMANDA: http://amanda.berkeley.edu -------------------------------------------------- “Multiwavelength” web sites: http://nvo.gsfc.nasa.gov/mw/ http://www.gb.nrao.edu/~rmaddale/Education/OrionTourCenter/index.htm

47. June 27, 2003 Science in the Ice 2003 Amanda Movie