1. Introduction to Research Concepts using the Card Probability Study Chapter 1 Thomas and Nelson

2. How does the card probability study, conducted in the previous class, fit into the basic to applied research continuum? Basic: researcher has the decision to reveal a card in the switch side of the study to give the participant the choice of switching Applied: researcher has limited control when participant is in the stay study More applied: give participant to give freedom as switching or staying instead of being assigned. Set up casino and observe, make it an actual game.

3. Ecological: The participant did not have a choice, not a real world setting, if placed in a casino and game actually played it would be more ecological valid More ecologically valid, less internally valid Internal validity: dealers told to shuffle In what ways was the study lacking in ecological validity? How does this relate to the internal and external validity of the study?

4. Is it better to stay or switch What would have been the problem statement for the card probability study?

5. 1) There is no difference between probability of winning whether you switch or stay 2) staying does not lead to a higher probability of winning than staying 3) switching does not lead to a higher probability of winning than switching List three potential hypotheses that could have been put forth prior to the study.

6. 1) Intuition: going with your first choice and staying with it. Think switching/staying doesn’t matter 2) Tenacity: success once switching, lost 10 in a row switching but still switch 3) Empirical: watch someone switch every time and win, you switch every time 4) Authority: some one told you better to switch over stay, believe them and switch 5) Rationalistic method: don’t think it matters, 2 cards left on a turn, 50/50 chance after switching, so it doesn’t matter Provide four unscientific methods of problem solving and give an example of how each could be applied to solving our problem statement.

7. Dependent: win/loss, number of wins Independent: part researcher manipulates. 2 levels: switching/staying, independent variable is the decision What were the independent and dependent variables in the study? How many levels of each independent variable were there?

8. randomly assigning groups, switching or staying Establish cause/effect relationship if experimental Was the study experimental in nature? Explain