1. Effect Size An effect size expresses the increase or decrease in achievement of the experimental group of students who are exposed to a specific instructional technique ◦ Positive effect size means experimental group did better than control group ◦ Negative effect size means the instructional strategy is not working and the experimental group actually performed worse than the control group. KLPMChristina NorwoodSpring 2011

2. Nonlinguistic Representation Nonlinguistic representation nonverbal activities that can be expressed as mental pictures or even physical activities. ◦ Example: generating mental pictures, drawing pictures and pictographs, engaging in kinesthetic activity, making physical models, creating graphic representations. KLPMChristina NorwoodSpring 2011

3. Knowing and Learning A variety of activities produce nonlinguistic representations. In class we have made foldables, Frayer models, and have used wikispaces. ◦ For example: when using the foldables and Frayer models we were told to separate theories and describe certain things about them. By doing this we can really separate important information about theories. ◦ By using WikiSpaces we can use our classmates ways of thinking to better understand topics. KLPMChristina NorwoodSpring 2011

4. Math/Science Classroom Math ◦ Using arms to identify radius, circumference and diameter of circles. This activity can be useful when students are being tested because it pertains to them, like when trying to find diameter they will remember that both of their arms outstretched represents diameter. ◦ Having students bake a cake to show they know how to measure ingredients. This is a useful activity because it relates to real life and is important because if you add more of a particular ingredient the cake will not come out right. Science ◦ In a science class students can butcher paper, make an outline of their bodies and label/draw where organs are. This was a fun and useful activity because it can be more important to students since it was their bodies they can find where their organs are. ◦ Using the sun, blinds and foam balls to demonstrate how the world rotates. KLPMChristina NorwoodSpring 2011