1. What to Study Different forms of Government Early origins (monarchy and Etruscans) Entertainment Causes of the fall of Roman Empire Roman Life Style Julius Caesar (Life and Death) Rome as an Empire (Augustus Caesar) Spread of Christianity Roman Legacies Vocabulary

2. - What is a Republic? Who were the “key players” in the Roman republic? -Who do the Romans believe to be the first Roman king? How do they believe Rome was founded by this person -Describe some popular forms of entertainment for the Romans -How did Christianity originate and spread through the Roman Empire? -Who was Julius Caesar, what happened to him, and why was he so important to Rome’s history? -What areas of the world did the Roman Empire cover? Study your map. This will be on the test, as well. -Identify and describe some legacies or accomplishments and achievements the Romans had in their empire. -Who was Augustus Caesar and why was he so important to Rome? -Based on what you learned, explain how Rome became a republic. Make sure to use your notes pages 7-10 to help you answer this question. Questions to Answer/Study

3. A republic is a form of government in which people elect leaders to make laws for them. The “key players” in a republic are citizens who choose the leaders. Additionally, Patricians, a rich and powerful group of men, led primarily in the beginning. Eventually, Plebeians were allowed to rule, as well. The republic was made up of two consuls, the senate, and the assembly. What is a republic? Who were the “key players” in the republic? Pg. 8-10

4. Who do the Romans believe to be the first Roman king? How do they believe Rome was founded by this person Pg. 4 The Romans believe Romulus was the first king. Romulus and his twin brother Remus were raised by wolves. Eventually, Romulus and Remus grew up and decided to found a city where they had been found by wolves. The two bickered over the name of the city, and Remus died. Thereore Romulus became the first King of Rome, and founded the city of Rome.

5. Describe some popular forms of entertainment in Rome Pg. 17 The Coliseum was used as a center of entertainment. The Roman gladiators performed for the emperor and Roman people. Public Baths were a place of entertainment, as well. People were able to wash themselves, socialize, read/hear poetry, and shop.

6. -How did Christianity originate and spread through the Roman Empire? Pg. 18 The Romans were polytheistic in the beginning. Christianity began with a man named Jesus who was believed to be the son of God. He was born in Bethlehem in a province of Rome known as Judea. Jesus was crucified for his beliefs. Christians believe he was born again and call this the resurrection. Christianity spread through the Roman empire through believers like Paul who traveled and wrote letters to spread the word. Many Christians were persecuted for their beliefs. The emperor, Constantine, eventually converted to Christianity, and made it the official religion of Rome which further spread the faith.

7. -Who was Julius Caesar, what happened to him, and why was he so important to Rome’s history? Pg. 14-15 Julius Caesar began his career as a powerful general before becoming “dictator for life.” He was assassinated by members of the Senate. Julius Caesar was so important because when he died, the Roman republic also died.

8. -What areas of the world did the Roman Empire cover? Pg. 14-15 The Roman empire expanded from Britain in the east to the Black Sea in the west. Rome won the wars and gained control of Northern Africa, Spain and Sicily. From 145-44 BCE, Rome controlled the Mediterranean World. Julius Caesar conquered much of Gaul (France). Mediterranean World. Study your map on page 5

9. -Identify and describe some legacies or accomplishments and achievements the Romans had in their empire. Pg. 20 Development of Roads Republic Form of Government Julian Calendar Aqueducts Many of which were created during the Pax Romana or the long period of peace and achievement in Rome.

10. -Who was Augustus Caesar and why was he so important to Rome? Pg. 14-15 Augustus Caesar, Julius Caesar’s stepson, was the first emperor of Rome. He was known for adding territory to the empire and extending its network of roads. He ruled Rome for many years and helped to restore order.

11. Why did Rome fall? Weak Rulers aka crazies Mercenary Army aka hired army Size of Empire aka it was way too big Barbarian Invasions Economic Issues aka PRINTING $

12. Based on what you learned, explain how Rome became a republic. Make sure to use your notes pages 7-10 to help you answer this question. At its onset, Rome was a monarchy ruled by kings. The last king, Tarquin the Proud, was considered to be a bully, and he was overthrown. After this, Rome established a republic. The republic was ruled by wealthy males known as Patricians. After years of living under the Patrician rule, the plebeians, ordinary citizens, demanded more rights. They were eventually allowed to participate in the government, and the laws (aka twelve tables) were written down for everyone to ensure justice. The Roman Republic ended with Julius Caesar who named himself dictator for life, and was eventually assassinated by the Senate.