2. PREVENTIVE MEASURES:HOUSEKEEPING OBJECTIVE: understanding fire safety dos and donts in usage of buildings 2

3. Stairs protection F.Corsanego 3

4. Very often stairwell doors are found locked… easy for people passing. Smoke may easily fill the stair too. F.Corsanego 4

5. Consequence= propagation at all levels F.Corsanego 5

6. Stairs and ducts are a critical vehicle of propagation for smoke and fire F.Corsanego 6 Los Angeles: First interstate bank fire 4 May 1988 Look here: Secondary fire in the lift room on the roof

7. F.Corsanego 7 7

8. Stair doors shall never be locked open or prevented from completely closing F.Corsanego 8 The self-closing spring shall be in good working order Door lockers are forbidden Here we see a door locker (wrong), which is co-existing with a magnetic door retention magnet (correct) Door stop removed

9. Double leaves doors shall be equipped with a « door sequence selector » F.Corsanego 9

10. Keep evacuation routes always clear F.Corsanego 10 Bld 32: a Busbar in the middle of passage

11. Avodi obstacles in the corridor! They delay the evacuation F.Corsanego 11

12. Example: F.Corsanego 12

13. Keep corridors clear from obstacles. Corridors and stairs are dimensioned to ensure the correct flow in two or more rows in parallel. The goal is a complete evacuation in 3-4 minutes. F.Corsanego 13

14. F.Corsanego 14

15. F.Corsanego 15 Smoke extraction command boxes (normally located at the base of the stair) shall be in good working order! Ask for maintenance (GS-SE; snow ticket)

16. Prevent storage of junk material or active equipment in the stairs. Should a fire start there, there would be no defense against smoke propagation at all floors F.Corsanego 16

17. F.Corsanego 17

18. F.Corsanego 18

19. F.Corsanego 19 Avoid fire sources in the stairs Stairs are a weak point: if a fire begins there, the whole evacuation process is at stake!

20. F.Corsanego 20 Keep free from combustible zone Eaton internal rack test Transformer fire

21. Rooms to be kept clear from combustibles F.Corsanego 21 Hot water accumulators Lift machinery Video boiler explosion Video boiler explosion

22. F.Corsanego 22 F.Corsanego 22

23. Electric racks doors shall be kept closed, the intensity of a fire can be 20 times larger no confinement in case of fire!

24. Electric cabinet fires- laboratory tests 24 (Source: AREVA-IRSN PICSEL_A. European Reaserch Program on Electric Cabinet Fires in Nuclear Facilities ) 40 kg of combustibles

25. Rooms to be kept clear from combustibles F.Corsanego 25

26. Makes sure that basement doors (fire rated) are closed... But not key-locked from the gallery side, as they are evacuation ways for the galleries themselves, F.Corsanego 26

27. Have fire certified fire doors!

28. Fire doors–details and test 28 Fire doors furnace test

29. F.Corsanego 29

30. Cables crossing- solutions F.Corsanego 30

31. Limit quantity of combustibles F.Corsanego 31

32. Fire brigade protection Explosion risk of flammable gas bottles (Oxy- acétylène, propane, laboratory gases) effects of Heat on pressure bottles Bottle blast 3 drums F.Corsanego 32

33. F.Corsanego 33