1. Anatomy: studies the form of body parts Physiology: studies the function of body parts Definitions

2. Structural Organization or Hierarchy of Life Atoms  Molecules  Macromolecules  Cells  Tissue  Organs  Organ Systems  Organisms

3. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Skull Sternum Pelvis Femur Skeletal systemCirculatory systemEndocrine system Arteries Veins Heart Testis (male) Ovary (female) Pituitary Thyroid Thymus Adrenal gland Pancreas

4. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Vas deferens Testis Penis Reproductive system (male) Reproductive system (female) Integumentary system Ovary Fallopian tube Uterus Vagina Hair Skin Finger nails

5. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Salivary glands Esophagus Liver Stomach Small intestine Large intestine Digestive system Urinary systemMuscular system Gastrocnemius Pectoralis major Biceps Rectus abdominus Sartorius Quadriceps Ureter Bladder Urethra Kidney

6. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Brain Spinal cord Nerves Trachea Lungs Lymph nodes Spleen Lymphatic vessels Nervous systemRespiratory systemLymphatic/Immune system

7. Definition of Tissue  Groups of structurally similar cells performing a common function

8. Four Types of Tissue Epithelial Connective Muscle Nervous

9. Epithelial Tissue Covers outside of body Lines organs and body cavities Examples: skin, mucous membranes, lining of digestive tract Barrier against mechanical injuries, microbes, and fluid loss Production of secretions

10. Three Types of Epithelial 1.Simple: single layer  lining of body cavities, ducts, and tubes

11. Three Types of Epithelial 2. Stratified: multiple layers  skin

12. Three Types of Epithelial 3. Pseudostratified: false layers  1 layer attached to base, but appears multi-layered due to inconsistent shapes and nuclei location  glands

13. Three Shapes of Epithelial 1.Squamous: irregular, flattened square  blood vessels and lungs

14. Three Shapes of Epithelial 2. Cuboidal: cube  glands and nephrons

15. Three Shapes of Epithelial 3. Columnar: rectangle on end  lining of digestive and respiratory tract

16. Must combine type and shape for description

17. Connective Tissue Binds and supports other tissue All types, except blood, secrete fibers of structural proteins  collagen and elastin

18. Types of Connective Tissue Loose: holds organs in place  Located beneath skin and most epithelia  Function: elasticity, diffusion

19. Types of Connective Tissue Dense, irregular:  In skin and capsules around some organs  Function: structural support

20. Types of Connective Tissue Dense, regular:  Tendons, ligaments  Function: strength, elasticity

21. Types of Connective Tissue Cartilage:  Nose, ends of long bones, airways, vertebrate embryo  Function: support, flex, low-friction (Chondrocytes)

22. Types of Connective Tissue Bone:  Mineralized calcium salts and bone cells  Function: movement, support, protection (Osteocytes)

23. Types of Connective Tissue Adipose:  Tightly packed fat cells  Located under skin, around heart and kidneys  Function: energy storage, insulation, padding

24. Types of Connective Tissue Blood: Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

25. Muscle Tissue Cells that contract Three types of muscle tissue: 1. Skeletal 2. Cardiac 3. Smooth

26. Nervous Tissue Senses stimuli and transmits impulses Neurons = nerve cells

27. Definition of Organs Groups of different tissue types that work together to carry out a specific function