1. Exercise and adult women’s health Amos Pines

2. Be fit – be healthy Be fit – be healthy Ordinary exercise testing Walk test Ways to measure fitness: Parameters used to measure the intensity of exercise: Heart rate Oxygen consumption (VO 2 ) Energy expenditure (METs or k/cal spent during a time unit)

3. Measuring energy expenditure 1 Metabolic Equivalent Task (MET) = calories spent while resting (the individual basal metabolic rate (BMR) is adjusted for body size) The intensity of physical activity is measured by METs per time unit: 2 METs/h means spending twice the calories needed at rest during 1 hour

4. Exercise improves cardiovascular risk profile Body mass index Total, abdominal (subcutaneous and visceral) fat Waist circumference Glucose metabolism/insulin resistance Blood pressure Lipids Endothelial function/intima-media thickness IMPROVED

5. Control (n = 13)Exercise (n = 10) PrePostPrePost Body weight (kg)73.7 ± 4.0773.7 ± 4.3067.4 ± 2.7664.4 ± 2.83* Lean body mass (kg)41.7 ± 1.441.8 ± 1.640.6 ± 1.640.7 ± 1.7 Fat mass (kg)30.0 ± 3.130.0 ± 3.226.9 ± 3.423.6 ± 3.5* % Body fat42.3 ± 2.241.2 ± 1.939.3 ± 1.236.1 ± 2.0* BMI (kg/m 2 )27.1 ± 1.427.1 ± 1.424.6 ± 1.123.6 ± 1.4* Waist-hip ratio0.84 ± 0.030.83 ± 0.030.77 ± 0.030.77 ± 0.02 VO 2 -max (ml/kg/min)26.5 ± 1.426.4 ± 1.428.7 ± 1.934.9 ± 2.8* MHR (bpm)165 ± 3.7163 ± 4.0162 ± 4.2166 ± 3.7 MRQ1.19 ± 0.031.20 ± 0.021.21 ± 0.041.25 ± 0.03 Benefits of exercise in postmenopausal women Benefits of exercise in postmenopausal women Santa-Clara H, et al. Metabolism 2006;55:1358–64 Values are mean ± SE. MRQ, maximal respiratory quotient; MHR, maximal heart rate *p < 0.05 (significant changes with exercise and significantly different from the control group) Age (years)59.1 ± 1.558.0 ± 1.8 ˙ 70% maximal heart rate; 45 minutes; 3-4 times weekly for 6 months

6. Exercise and the Metabolic Syndrome: Effects of exercise on waist circumference, glucose, SBP, DBP, TG, HDL-c DREW Study data. Sedentary, overweight, moderately hypertensive PMW; 6 months of exercise training at 50%, 100%, 150% of the NIH Recommendations for physical activity (4, 8, and 12 kcal/kg of energy expenditure/wk [KKW]) vs. nonexercise controls. Earnest CP, et al. Am J Cardiol 2013;111:1805-11.

7. Effects of exercise on waist circumference, glucose, SBP, DBP, TG, HDL-c Full access to the rest of this slide kit is available to Members of IMS only. Please follow this link for details of the benefits of membership of IMS and to complete the application form.this link Members Only