1. Economic Partnership Agreeements European Commission Directorate- General Trade 1

2. EPA state of play EPAs in application: Cariforum (Haiti pending ratification) EU-ESA: Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Zimbabwe EU-Central Africa: Cameroon EU-Pacific: PNG and Fiji Negotiations recently concluded EU-West Africa: 16 countries (12 LDCs + 4 MICs) EU-SADC: 6 countries (2 LDCs + 4 MICs) East African Community (EAC): 4 LDCs + Kenya 2

3. What makes EPAs special? –Explicit development objective (diversification; regional integration; competitiveness; business environment etc.) –Asymmetric commitments and obligations DFQF for ACP exports to EU in exchange for gradual, partial and flexible opening in ACP Special safeguards and measures to ensure development objectives in ACP (industrial development; protection of infant industry, food security, environment) - Aid for Trade; support for reforms 3

4. Alternatives Equal footing with other developing countries Everything But Arms (EBA): DFQF market access for all LDCs Standard GSP: all Developing Countries but UMICs from 1.1.2014 GSP+: eligible developing countries implementing 27 conventions on sustainable development Up to African countries/regions to decide what kind of trade relations they want with the EU 4

5. Why negotiated EPAs? Partnership: institutions and cooperation Legal certainty and stability Improvement of business environment Scope decided jointly Address more issues: TBT, SPS, Trade Facilitation Improved rules of origins, with extended cumulation – essential for regional intergration Access to cheaper/better imported inputs/goods 5