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FN i,D i X Y Z Paper Ink Drop F = Flow Rate N i = Number of pores of diameter D i F Z >> F X,y F Z << F X,y.

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Presentation on theme: "FN i,D i X Y Z Paper Ink Drop F = Flow Rate N i = Number of pores of diameter D i F Z >> F X,y F Z << F X,y."— Presentation transcript:

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2 FN i,D i X Y Z Paper Ink Drop F = Flow Rate N i = Number of pores of diameter D i F Z >> F X,y F Z << F X,y

3 Pore Size Distribution In the z-direction In the x & y directions Pore distribution requirements of specialty paper LaminateCoated

4 Flow Porometry P orosimetry Gas adsorption None of these can determine the required porosity

5 Pores of the sample are spontaneously filled with a wetting liquid (  l/s <  g/s ) Increased differential pressure of gas on one side of the sample is used to remove liquid from pores and permit gas flow to occur (  l/s <  g/s ) Wetting liquid Gas, Differential pressure, p Sample D=4  / p D = pore diameter  = surface tension of liquid p = differential pressure Flow rates through wet and dry samples measured as functions of differential pressure yield all the required properties

6 Technology of gas flow in z-direction Technology of gas flow in x & y directions

7 Fully Automated State-of-the-art components Innovative design concepts Highly reproducible data

8 Variation of flow rate with differential pressure z dir. x-y dir.

9 The largest and mean pore diameters Direction The largest pore diameter, microns The mean pore diameter, microns Z-direction x & y directions 12.381 1.109 4.199 0.091

10 Pore Size Distribution z dir. x-y dir.

11 Examples of Pore diameters in z-direction and in x & y directions

12 Print quality is controlled by pore structure in z-direction as well as x & y directions. These characteristics can not be measured by techniques that are currently available. A novel technology has been described that can measure these properties.

13 The largest pore diameter, the mean pore diameter and the pore size distribution in the z-direction (thickness of paper) as well as in the x & y directions (in the plane of the paper) of a specialty printing paper have been measured. Similar results obtained with a number of other papers have also been presented. Pore structure in the z-direction is considerably different from that in the x & y directions.

14 This is the only technique that can measure the pore structures in the plane of the paper as well as along the thickness of the paper.

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