1. Defining Psychological Disorders Psychological disorders – Disturbed behavior – Dysfunctional behavior – Maladaptive behavior Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

2. Understanding Psychological Disorders The Medical Model Philippe Pinel Medical model –Mental illness (psychopathology)

3. Understanding Psychological Disorders The Biopsychosocial Approach Interaction of nature and nurture Influence of culture on disorders

4. Classifying Psychological Disorders Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) –DSM-5DSM-5 Diagnostic labels Criticisms of the DSM

5. Classifying Psychological Disorders Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) –DSM-5DSM-5 Diagnostic labels Criticisms of the DSM

6. Labeling Psychological Disorders Rosenhan’s study Power of labels –Preconception can stigmatize Stereotypes of the mentally ill Insanity

7. Rates of Psychological Disorders

9. Anxiety Disorders Anxiety disorder –Generalized anxiety disorderGeneralized anxiety disorder –Panic disordersPanic disorders –PhobiasPhobias

10. Generalized Anxiety Disorder Generalized anxiety disorder –2/3 women –Continual worry, jittery, agitated and sleep deprived –Free floating anxiety

11. Panic Disorder Panic disorder –Panic attacks

12. Specific Phobia Phobias –Specific phobia –Social anxiety disorderSocial anxiety disorder –AgoraphobiaAgoraphobia

13. Specific Phobia

14. Phobias

15. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Obsessive-compulsive disorder –An obsession versus a compulsion –Checkers –Hand washers

16. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

17. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder –PTSD –“shellshock” or “battle fatigue” –Not just due to a war situation Post-traumatic growthPost-traumatic growth

18. Understanding Anxiety Disorders, OCD and PTSD The Learning Perspective Classical and operant conditioning –Stimulus generalization –Reinforcement Observational learning Cognition

19. Understanding Anxiety Disorders, OCD and PTSD The Biological Perspective Natural selection Genes –Anxiety gene –Glutamate The Brain –Anterior cingulate cortex