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Teratogenic Effects of Plants on Lambs Jess Russ Chase Constant.

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Presentation on theme: "Teratogenic Effects of Plants on Lambs Jess Russ Chase Constant."— Presentation transcript:

1 Teratogenic Effects of Plants on Lambs Jess Russ Chase Constant

2 Case Summary Lambing problem in Spanish Forks, Utah Drought kept herds on mountain pastures later into fall breeding season Rancher described the following in lambs: Distorted upper jaw, cleft palate, and cyclopia Motor-nerve paralysis Surviving lambs had shortened legs

3 Cyclopia in lambs

4 Possible Causes Two toxic plants were found on the pasture land Veratrum sp. (commonly known as Corn Lily) Lupinus sp. (Lupine)

5 Veratrum sp. Contains 3 teratogenic alkaloids jervine, cyclopamine, and cycloposine Inhibits proteoglycan synthesis resulting in defective chondrongenesis results in head, trachea, and bone malformations Cyclopamine and jervine inhibit Shh signaling during gastrulation-stage

6 Teratogenic Effects of Veratrum sp. Day of GestationEffect 14cyclopia 17-18motor-nerve paralysis of hind legs 12-30cleft palate, harelip and brachygnathia 30-36shortened legs from hypoplasia

7 Lupinus sp. Contains the toxic alkaloid anagyrine Ewes may be symptomatic with the following: salivation, ataxia, seizures, and head-pressing The alkaloid is NOT teratogenic to sheep fetuses Causes “crooked calf syndrome” in cattle

8 Lupine Effects in Cattle Cow rumen metabolizes anagyrine resulting in a teratogenic derivative Causes an immobilizing effect on fetus Fetus malformations occur because the fetus remains in one position for a prolonged period Occurs when exposure is 40-70 days in gestation

9 Diagnosis The symptoms that the rancher noted were indicative of the toxic Corn Lily The Lupine, while toxic to sheep, was not the underlying cause of the noted problem

10 Management Suggestions Keep ewes in their first trimester off the problematic pastures No treatment options are available

11

12 References Chan A, Downs D, Tsai C, Begley B, Triplett J. Poisonous Plants. http://cal.vet.upenn.edu/poison/plants/ppweste.htm. University of Pennsylvania. 2006 Apr. 19. Lee ST, Panter KE, Gaffield W, Stegelmeier BL. Development of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the veratrum plant teratogens: cyclopamine and jervine. J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Jan 29;51(3):582-6.


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