1.  Dynamic Energy Budget Theory - I Tânia Sousa with contributions from :Bas Kooijman

2.   Metabolism in a DEB individual.  Rectangles are state variables  Arrows are flows of food J XA, reserve J EA, J EC, J EM, J ET, J EG, J ER, J EJ or structure J VG.  Circles are processes  The full square is a fixed allocation rule (the kappa rule)  The full circles are the priority maintenance rule. A DEB organism Assimilation, dissipation and growth M V - Structure Feeding M H - Maturity Assimilation M E - Reserve Mobilisation Offspring M ER Somatic Maintenance Growth Maturity Maintenance Reproduction Maturation

3.   Assimilation : X(substrate)+M  E(reserve) + M + P  linked to surface area  Dissipation : E(reserve) +M  M  somatic maintenance: linked to surface area & structural volume  maturity maintenance: linked to maturity  maturation or reproduction overheads  Growth : E(reserve)+M  V(structure) + M  Compounds :  Organic compounds: V, E, X and P  Mineral compounds: CO 2, H 2 O, O 2 and N waste 3 types of aggregated chemical transformations

4.   Identify in these equations y XE, y PE and y EV.  Constraints on the yield coeficients  Degrees of freedom Exercises

5.   Identify in these equations y XE, y PE and y EV.  Constraints on the yield coeficients  Degrees of freedom  Obtain the aggregated chemical reactions for assimilation, dissipation and growth considering that the chemical compositions are: food CH 1.8 O 0.5 N 0.2, reserve CH 2 O 0.5 N 0.15, faeces CH 1.8 O 0.5 N 0.15, structure CH 1.8 O 0.5 N 0.15 and NH 3. Exercises

6.   Identify in these equations y XE, y PE and y EV.  Constraints on the yield coeficients  Degrees of freedom  Obtain the aggregated chemical reactions for assimilation, dissipation and growth considering that the chemical compositions are: food CH 1.8 O 0.5 N 0.2, reserve CH 2 O 0.5 N 0.15, faeces CH 1.8 O 0.5 N 0.15, structure CH 1.8 O 0.5 N 0.15 and NH 3.  How would you obtain the aggregate chemical transformation? Exercises

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9.   The stoichiometry of the aggregate chemical transformation that describes the organism has 3 degrees of freedom: any flow produced or consumed in the organism is a weighted average of any three other flows

10.   Write the energy balance for each chemical reactor (assimilation, dissipation and growth) Exercises

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12.   Indirect calorimetry (estimating heat production without measuring it): Dissipating heat is weighted sum of three mass flows: CO 2, O 2 and nitrogeneous waste (Lavoisier in the XVIII century).

13.  Dissipating heat Steam from a heap of moist Prunus serotina litter illustrates metabolic heat production by fungi

14.  Exercises

15.   Obtain an expression for the dynamics of the reserve density m E  Set dm E /dt=0 (weak homeostasis).  What is the maximum value of m E ? Exercises

16.   Obtain an expression for the dynamics of the reserve density m E  Set dm E /dt=0 (weak homeostasis).  What is the maximum value of m E ?  Can you understand the meaning?  What is the value for m E in weak homeostasis? Exercises

17.   Obtain an expression for the dynamics of the reserve density m E  Set dm E /dt=0 (weak homeostasis).  What is the maximum value of m E ?  Can you understand the meaning?  What is the value for m E in weak homeostasis? Exercises

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