1. Biobehavioral Health Building The Pennsylvania State University Daniel Bodde Structural Option Advisor – Heather Sustersic

2. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Building Introduction Location: The Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA Project Size: 5 Stories above grade Full basement (100% below ground) Approximately 93,500 sqft Cost: $40 Million Presentation Outline

3. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Existing Structure Foundation System: Spread footing Sits on bedrock (15 ksi) Typical Section Presentation Outline

4. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Existing Structure Foundation System: Spread footing Sits on bedrock (15 ksi) Superstructure: Concrete and composite metal deck Typical Section Presentation Outline

5. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Existing Structure Foundation System: Spread footing Sits on bedrock (15 ksi) Superstructure: Concrete and composite metal deck Lateral System: Steel Moment Frames Eccentric Braced Frame (Column Line 10) Lateral Layout Presentation Outline

6. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Existing Structure Foundation System: Spread footing Sits on bedrock (15 ksi) Superstructure: Concrete and composite metal deck Lateral System: Steel Moment Frames Eccentric Braced Frame (Column Line 10) Eccentric Braced Frame Presentation Outline

7. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Problem Statement Statement: Steel has become an unviable option as main structural material Solution: Structural Depth - Redesign the structure using reinforced concrete with minimal impact on existing interior architecture and spaces One-way slab with interior beam Concrete moment frame Presentation Outline

8. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Problem Statement Statement: Steel has become an unviable option as main structural material Solution: Structural Depth - Redesign the structure using reinforced concrete with minimal impact on existing interior architecture and spaces One-way slab with interior beam Concrete moment frame Façade Study Breadth – Change façade to precast Presentation Outline

9. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Problem Statement Statement: Steel has become an unviable option as main structural material Solution: Structural Depth - Redesign the structure using reinforced concrete with minimal impact on existing interior architecture and spaces One-way slab with interior beam Concrete moment frame Façade Study Breadth – Change façade to precast Schedule Impact Breadth– Determine what impact the concrete redesign and precast façade have on the construction schedule Presentation Outline

10. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Structural Depth - Loads Gravity Loads: Dead Structure Self weight Superimposed (5 psf) Slate Floor (20 psf) Live Lobbies/Assembly (100 psf) Typical floor layout Presentation Outline

11. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Structural Depth - Loads Gravity Loads: Dead Structure Self weight Superimposed (5 psf) Slate Floor (20 psf) Live Lobbies/Assembly (100 psf) Lateral Loads: Wind (Controls) Seismic Presentation Outline

12. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Structural Depth - Gravity Presentation Outline

13. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Structural Depth - Gravity One-way Concrete Slab: 5” Slab (Table 9.5a) #5 @ 12”oc (flexure) #5 @ 10” (crack control) Presentation Outline

14. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments One-way Concrete Slab: 5” Slab (Table 9.5a) #5 @ 12”oc (flexure) #5 @ 10” (crack control) Beams : Support slab Run N-S Supported by girders, edge beams, & Columns Flexure & shear controlled design #5 in corners for cage construction Consistent concrete cross section Structural Depth - Gravity Presentation Outline

15. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments One-way Concrete Slab: 5” Slab (Table 9.5a) #5 @ 12”oc (flexure) #5 @ 10” (crack control) Beams : Support slab Run N-S Supported by girders, edge beams, & Columns #5 in corners for cage construction Consistent concrete cross section Structural Depth - Gravity Presentation Outline

16. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Girders: Run E-W Supported by columns at both ends Concentrated loads produce large moments 2” shallower than existing steel structure Assumed 50% sustained live load for deflections Structural Depth - Gravity Presentation Outline

17. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Structural Depth - Gravity Girders: Run E-W Supported by columns at both ends Concentrated loads produce large moments 2” shallower than existing steel structure Assumed 50% sustained live load for deflections Presentation Outline

18. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Structural Depth - Gravity Girders: Run E-W Supported by columns at both ends Concentrated loads produce large moments 2” shallower than existing steel structure Assumed 50% sustained live load for deflections Presentation Outline

19. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Structural Depth - Gravity Girders: Run E-W Supported by columns at both ends Concentrated loads produce large moments 2” shallower than existing steel structure Assumed 50% sustained live load for deflections Edge Beam: Run perimeter of BBH Building Concentrated load produces torsion Added longitudinal & transverse reinforcement Supports masonry Presentation Outline

20. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Structural Depth - Gravity Girders: Run E-W Supported by columns at both ends Concentrated loads produce large moments 2” shallower than existing steel structure Assumed 50% sustained live load for deflections Edge Beam: Run perimeter of BBH Building Concentrated load produces torsion Added longitudinal & transverse reinforcement Supports masonry Presentation Outline

21. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Structural Depth - Gravity Girders: Run E-W Supported by columns at both ends Concentrated loads produce large moments 2” shallower than existing steel structure Assumed 50% sustained live load for deflections Edge Beam: Run perimeter of BBH Building Concentrated load produces torsion Added longitudinal & transverse reinforcement Supports masonry Presentation Outline

22. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Concrete Moment Frame: Does not affect interior architecture. Stiff beam to column connection Structural Depth - Lateral Presentation Outline

23. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Concrete Moment Frame: Does not affect interior architecture. Stiff beam to column connection Wind Loads: Case 1 & Case 2 Controlled Structural Depth - Lateral Presentation Outline

24. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Concrete Moment Frame: Does not affect interior architecture. Stiff beam to column connection Wind Loads: Case 1 & Case 2 Controlled Relative Stiffness: 1 kip load applied to each frame Calculated relative stiffness based on deflection. Distribution of wind loads Structural Depth - Lateral Presentation Outline

25. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Concrete Moment Frame: Does not affect interior architecture. Stiff beam to column connection Wind Loads: Case 1 & Case 2 Controlled Relative Stiffness: 1 kip load applied to each frame Calculated relative stiffness based on deflection. Distribution of wind loads ETABS: Line elements with proper material & section properties Columns – 0.70*Ig Beams – 0.35*Ig Verified output with hand calculations Structural Depth - Lateral Presentation Outline

26. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Column Design: Corner, Interior, & Exterior Resists axial & flexural loads Structural Depth - Lateral Presentation Outline

27. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Column Design: Corner, Interior, & Exterior Resists axial & flexural loads Design Checks: Lateral Displacement < H/400 0.9D+L+W Structural Depth - Lateral Presentation Outline

28. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Structural Depth – Cost Impact Presentation Outline

29. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Existing Façade: Traditional hand placed brick & limestone Held back by 8” fully grouted CMU Flashing, weep holes, & air barrier Heavy & Expensive Façade Study Breadth Presentation Outline

30. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Existing Façade: Traditional hand placed brick & limestone Held back by 8” fully grouted CMU Flashing, weep holes, & air barrier Heavy & Expensive Alternative Façade: Thin brick precast panels Made in controlled conditions Faster Construction Façade Study Breadth Presentation Outline

31. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Thin Brick Precast: Typical Layout Hung from edge beams Kickback provide lateral support Façade Study Breadth Presentation Outline

32. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Thin Brick Precast: Typical Layout Hung from edge beams Kickback provide lateral support Thermal & Moisture Resistance: Sandwich Wall Provides rain barrier & thermal resistance Façade Study Breadth Presentation Outline

33. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Cost Impact: Façade Study Breadth Presentation Outline

34. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Presentation Outline Schedule Impact Breadth Construction Sequencing: Sequence 1: Col Line 1-5 Sequence 2: Col Line 5-10

35. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Presentation Outline Schedule Impact Breadth Construction Sequencing: Sequence 1: Col Line 1-5 Sequence 2: Col Line 5-10 Assumptions: Reinforcement starts 1-3 days after forming starts Wait 7 days for concrete cure before construction on next floor

36. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Presentation Outline Schedule Impact Breadth Construction Sequencing: Sequence 1: Col Line 1-5 Sequence 2: Col Line 5-10 Assumptions: Reinforcement starts 1-3 days after forming starts Wait 7 days for concrete cure before construction on next floor Key Completion Dates: Concrete redesign: Feb 3, 2012 (+3 months) Alternative precast façade: Mar. 15, 2012 (-6 months)

37. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Presentation Outline Conclusion Structural Depth; Successful concrete redesign Met all serviceability requirements Minimal impact interior architecture & layout

38. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Presentation Outline Conclusion Structural Depth; Successful concrete redesign Met all serviceability requirements Minimal impact interior architecture & layout Façade Study Breadth: Matched existing thermal & moisture protection Cheaper Fast Construction

39. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Presentation Outline Conclusion Structural Depth; Successful concrete redesign Met all serviceability requirements Minimal impact interior architecture & layout Façade Study Breadth: Matched existing thermal & moisture protection Cheaper Fast Construction Schedule Impact Breadth: Develop an adjusted schedule Structure: + 3 months Façade: -6 months

40. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Presentation Outline Acknowledgments Massaro CM Services: Tim Jones Jim Kephart Keith Smith Robert Silman Associates: Dipa Makim The Entire Penn State Faculty Family & Friends

41. Building Introduction Existing Structure Problem Statement Structural Depth Façade Study Breadth Schedule Impact Breadth Conclusion Questions & Comments Presentation Outline Questions & Comments

42. Appendix Weight Comparison

43. Appendix