1. Review of Anatomy of The Female Reproductive System
Dr Jacqueline Woodman
Consultant Obstetrician & Gynaecology
UHCW

2. Aim Review the principle structures of the female reproductive system
Review briefly the function of these structures in reproduction
State how these structures may be assessed

3. External Genitalia: Inspection-Palpation

4. Innervation of External Genitalia

5. Reasons for knowing
the nerve innervation!

6. a successful pregnancy is a well mother and baby after birth!
Two Passengers!
a successful pregnancy is a well mother and baby after birth!

7. Maternal and Perinatal loss

8. Reasons for knowing
the dimensions of
the pelvis!

9. Reasons for knowing
the dimensions of
the pelvis!

10. The Uterus & Cervix The cervix connects the
uterine cavity to the vagina
It consists of the internal os,
the cervical canal and external os
The ectocervix is composed of
nonkeratinized stratified squamous
epithelium.
The endocervix is composed of
simple columnar epithelium.
The area adjacent to the border of
the endocervix and ectocervix is
known as the
transformation zone.

11. The transformation zone of the cervix
undergoes metaplasia numerous
times during normal life when the
columnar epithelium is replaced by
metaplastic squamous epithelium
e.g. puberty, under hormonal
influence of the menstrual cycle &
menopause
T ZONE
All these changes are physiological.
However, this metaplasia
increases the risk of cancer
- the transformation zone is the most
common area for cervical cancer to
occur.

12. Examination of the Vagina & Cervix
Cusco speculum allows the cervix
to be visualised for:
swabs for infection screening
cervical screening
Simms speculum allows prolapse
to be assessed

13. Reasons for knowing about the cervix!

14. The Uterus The uterus is composed of: Endometrium Myometrium
Serosal epithelium

15. Uterus Blood Supply

16. Reasons for knowing the blood supply of the pelvis!
Ana Maria Denzo, 30, died as a result of severe bleeding. Mrs Denzo, a nurse at Northwick Park Hospital, was the 10th woman to die at the maternity unit. Mrs Denzo was induced on Feb 23, and underwent an emergency caesarean but suffered severe internal bleeding for weeks. She was transferred to St Mary's Hospital in Paddington, central London, but died on March 19, 2005.

17. Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
Each ovary suspended by the mesovarium and attached to the lateral pelvic wall by ovarian suspensory ligament which carries blood vessels to it.
Also attached to uterus by ligament of ovary.
The Fallopian tubes, lined with ciliated epithelia, allows passage of the egg from the ovary to the uterus.
Its different segments are (lateral to medial):
infundibulum with its associated fimbriae near the ovary,
the ampullary region (the major portion of the lateral tube)
the isthmus (narrower part of the tube)
the interstitial (also intramural) part that transverses the uterine wall

18. Reasons to know about Fallopian Tubes & Ovaries!

19. THANK YOU