1. DNA Structure, Function & Replication

2. DNA stands for… DeoxyriboNucleic Acid

3. FUNCTION: Stores Genetic Information

4. LOCATION: Inside the nucleus of every eukaryotic cell

5. Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase that helped to confirm that DNA was the genetic material.

7. James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins received the Nobel Prize for discovering the structure of DNA Watson Wilkins Crick

8. SHAPE: Spiral staircase Twisted ladder Double helix

9. BUILDING BLOCKS Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids

10. NUCLEOTIDE COMPOSITION Sugar - Deoxyribose Phosphate 1 of 4 bases –Adenine –Thymine –Cytosine –Guanine

11. The Untwisted Ladder Sides of ladder –Deoxyribose Sugar –Phosphate Group Rungs of ladder –Nitrogen bases Adenine (A) Guanine (G) Thymine (T) Cytosine (C)

13. Chargaff’s base pairing rule A is double bonded to T C is triple bonded to G

14. Some terms… Chromosome-long double strand of DNA found in the nucleus of a cell Gene-short piece of DNA that codes for a trait Genetic code is based off of the order of bases in a DNA strand

15. DNA REPLICATION is the process where one DNA strand is copied to make 2 identical DNA strands

17. 1.DNA strand unzips – 2 sides separate 2.DNA polymerase adds complementary nucleotides to each strand 3.Two DNA molecules form that are identical to the original DNA molecule

18. Enzymes that help with replication Helicase: Separates strands DNA Polymerase: adds free nucleotides to the existing strand DNA ligase: joins the backbone of the newly formed DNA strands

19. Mutations Change in the order of bases