2.  Developed in the 20 th Century (late 1800s)  Developed in direct contrast to Ballet.  Broke tradition of stiff formality.  Sought new forms of expression that reflected the concerns of the modern era.

3.  Rudolf von Labon (1879-1958)  Kurt Jooss (1901-1979)  Ted Shawn (1891-1972)  All made contributions to the beginning of Modern Dance.  However, the dominant pioneering forces were woman.

4.  (1878-1927)  1 st person to bring Modern Dance to general audiences and have it accepted.  Searched for natural movement = inspiration from nature.  Swaying trees, rolling waves of the sea, blooming flowers, etc.

5.  Ballet ◦ Emphasized feet and legs ◦ Ballet shoes and tutus ◦ Classical music  Modern ◦ Used entire body and moved as freely as possible ◦ Grecian tunics, bare feet, flowing hair ◦ Classical music but made it popular with large audiences

6.  (1862-1928)  “Butterfly of Light”  Innovator who understood theatre design and production.  Used light, costumes, and made extraordinary creations on stage.  Most famous in France

7.  (1877-1968)  Looked to the East and Oriental culture for new movement.  Interested in not just technique in dance but communicating an idea ◦ Music should be “visualized” to produce movement

8.  Next generation of dancers; Martha Graham, Doris Humphrey, and Charles Weidman  Self-supporting company for 16 years  Ted Shawn ◦ Codirected of Denishawn ◦ Performed and choreographed until it dissolved in 1931

9.  (1894-1991)  Developed own technique  Based on breathing cycle of body and contract and release  One of the finest dance concert performers  Used themes from Greek drama  Martha Graham Dance Company

10.  Choreography by chance ◦ “Chance Dance”  Sequence of movement assigned by tossing a coin or some other chance method  http://www.sheadance.com/chance-dance.html http://www.sheadance.com/chance-dance.html

11.  New way to move ◦ Non-structured improvisation  Simply move without idea, plan, or theme.  Movement for the sake of movement  No right or wrong ◦ Structured improvisation  Start with free exploration and then narrow in  Establish a movement idea  Simple or complex  Make some deliberate choices about timing, structure, etc.

12.  Mid-1970  Steve Paxton  Utilized pedestrian movement, child’s play, marital arts, sports, and social context  Contact with… ◦ Partner(s) ◦ Floor ◦ Different body parts ◦ Taking and giving weight ◦ Touching ◦ Balancing ◦ Body interactions  1 Rule: No contact with hands

13.  Mary Wigman and Rudolf von Labon  Developed one method for recording body movements on paper  No called Labanotation

14.  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D4G0RWe Z2gA http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D4G0RWe Z2gA  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vv9r8- bq_FQ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vv9r8- bq_FQ  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yMCV61W a7xM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yMCV61W a7xM  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r- 6InwN_gVU http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r- 6InwN_gVU