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Published byWilla Richard Modified over 9 years ago
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Osmoregulation Part 2
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Monday On Monday we covered 3 negative feedback loops that regulate water balance Today: we will cover some of the adaptations found in animals that live these environments – Arid – Wet – Salt water/ marine – Fresh water
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Arid Concentrated urine – Long loop of Henley= more water filtered out of urine – Urine is Hypertonic- it has more solutes (urea, uric acid, ammonia) than other body fluid of the animal Reptiles – Larger number of kidney tubules which can be inactive if dehydrated (filtering of blood is slower) – Ureta empties into the cloaca where more water is reabsorbed (this is reptile/bird speak for the anus) Dry faeces Storage of water in other ways- eg. Camels have a higher water content in their blood. The problem in arid areas is how to conserve water and stay cool (sweating a lot is not the best response)
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Wet Osmoregulation in wet environments is not so problematic BUT! – Single celled organisms will continue to absorb water via osmosis until they burst – UNLESS they have a contractile vacuole to expel excess water – Plants have cell walls to ensure that water absorbed stops
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Marine Fish- – urine is isotonic (same amount of solutes as body fluids) – Drink sea water and secrete salts through the gills – Only a small amount of urine produced Birds – Water reabsorbed in the cloaca – Salt excreted via salt glands above the eye
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Freshwater Fish – urine is diluted= hypotonic – Don’t drink water Frogs – Diluted urine in large quantities – Active transport of ions through the skin (to make up for those lost by diffusion) – Able to produce concentrated urine when conditions are dry
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Now let’s look at some examples! See activity
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