1. CLASS 11

2. INTELLIGENCE

3.  Anything that exists, exists in some amount.  And all amounts can be measured.  Thorndike, 1955 Psychological Measurement

4. Qualities of a good test Reliability Validity Standardization

5. 1. Reliability are scores consistent? Test-retest Internal consistency Inter rater consistency

6. Typical test-retest reliabilities: AFTER SIX MONTHS: Personality tests:. 75 -.85 Intelligence tests:.85 -.95 Height with tape measure:.98

7.    2. Validity  Does it Measure what it’s  supposed to ? Content validity Predictive validity Construct validity 

8. Eg ‘good driver’ tests What is the concept ? 3 operationalizations How to validate ?

9. 3. Standardization -ensures appropriate comparisons -norms based on large samples

10. Susceptible to Faking? Personality tests Can fake-good or fake-bad Intelligence tests Can’t fake good

11. Other Response Biases Acquiescent responding Extreme responding Random responding

12. INTELLIGENCE How to conceptualize it? How to operationalize it?

13.  Conceptualizing intelligence  ( 3 approaches )  1. PSYCHOMETRICS - measuring the mind   Spearman   Factor g (general intelligence)  Factor s  Special talents (music, mechanical)

15.  1. Spearman’s g  1 underlying factor  2. Thurstone’s Primary Mental Abilities  7 distinct factors  3. Hierarchical models of intelligence

17. 2. The cognitive approach Flow chart of components Mental speed

18.  Measuring brain speed  P100 delay   Delay correlates with IQ scores  r = -.16 

19. Comparing Operationalizations of Intelligence IQ tests P-100 Peer-ratings Size of head

20. How to Decide: Validation IQ tests Peer-ratings P-100 Size of head