1. 11/5/2015 What did Hippocrates say was the cure to all diseases? What do you think? Would that work?

2. 10/30/2014 HAPPY HALLOWEEN TOMORROW! In your life, what scares you? What has been your scariest experience ever!?

3. A LEXANDER THE G REAT

4. P HILIP II OF M ACEDON Greece declined but Macedon became stronger 359 B.C. – Philip II became king Hired troops to make the best army thus far Phalanx: rows of soldiers standing shoulder to shoulder with 18 foot long spears

5. With his army, he restored order in Macedon Then turned to Greece The city-states fell one by one Soon he controlled all of Greece Then turned to Persia BUT, before he could leave, he was killed

6. A LEXANDER THE G REAT Son of Philip II Raised in the army Student of Aristotle Strong, brave, and courageous Had the next best army in history His troops loved him

7. 331 B.C. – Alexander completely destroyed Persia He moved even farther east, determined to conquer India Got as far as the Indus River, but his soldiers got tired

8. They headed home Half the troops went through the desert A lot died through exposure and lack of food Half went by the sea 323 B.C. – discontent spread Alexander became ill and died in June 323 B.C.

9. T HE F ALL OF A LEXANDER ’ S E MPIRE 3 Generals divided the empire Macedon, Egypt, and Syria 200 B.C. – Roman legions invaded and conquered most of Alexander’s original empire

10. H ELLENISTIC C ULTURE

11. T HE S PREAD OF G REEK C ULTURE In 13 years, Alexander almost never lost He purposely spread Greek culture everywhere Made it easier to rule and keep people together Hellenistic culture: “Greek-like” way of life that combined ideas of the Mediterranean and Asia

12. L EARNING AND C OMMERCE Trade was based in major cities Became centers of learning as well as trade Example: Library at Alexandria

13. S CIENCE IN THE H ELLENISTIC A GE Value of pi Circumference of a circle Levers, the pulley, and screw Learned earth moves around the sun Calculated distance around the earth

14. R ELIGION AND P HILOSOPHY Ruler-worship: the monarch acts as the head of the religion Cults: religions with secret teachings or mysteries

15. P HILOSOPHICAL T HOUGHTS … Cynicism: People should live simple without pleasure, wealth or social status Skepticism: Because the universe is always changing, all knowledge is uncertain Stoicism: Divine reason directs the world so people should accept their fate how is Epicureanism: Aim of life is to seek pleasure and avoid pain