2. ANCIENT GREEK CIVILIZATION Samaad Ali Nyhir Harris Laila Lacey Sierra Williams HISTORY MISS MOHAMED ANCIENT GREECE MAY 1, 2014 PERIOD 1

3. GEOGRAPHY Greece was located in southern Europe. Today, the modern name for Greece is now Rome. The landforms for Greece were high mountains, and there were three bodies of water. The ancient Greeks adapted, by improvising to travel through the high mountains.

4. GEOGRAPHY The ancient Greeks were exposed to three bodies of water. Those different regions promoted different environments, because depending on where you live can affect how you live. The advantages of living near those regions, were that the high mountains protected the Greeks from enemies. The disadvantages, were that it was hard to reach other civilization and make trades.

5. Greece was surrounded by three waters and high mountains. The name for modern day Greece is Rome. Greece is located in southern Europe. GEOGRAPHY

7. TIME PERIOD Greece emerged in the year 800 B.C.E. Greek civilization lasted until 200 B.C.E. Greek civilization rose because of its contributions to religion, architecture, sculptures, drama and sports. Greece once had a lot of art and food. Greece had many sculptures, pottery, and paintings.

8. TIME PERIOD These things were very useful to the civilization for storing, fun and Greco-Roman art. Another thing that they had a lot of is food. The food they were know for is Grapes, milk, olives, cheese and bread.

9. TIME PERIOD The year these things were mostly used was The Golden Age. The power came from conquering the Persian Empire with help from Sparta. The civilization fell in 324 B.C.E after being in war for 10 the finally gave up against the Northern India's and one year later their king Alexander died. Greece or Athens conquered the Persian Empire with help from Sparta. After the war, Athens would become the center of Greek culture and expand its own empire. The civilization never got conquered in a war but they gave up after fighting for 10 year. Then 1 year later their king Alexander died.

10. TIME PERIOD Greek civilization emerged as a civilization in year 800 B.C. E. The civilization lasted until 200 B.C.E. The civilization arose because of its religion, architecture, sculptures, drama and sports.

11. GOVERNMENT IN ANCIENT GREECE Ancient Greece had many governments; but Democracy was the most famous government invented by the Greeks. Greece had many independent self-governing states that governed in different ways. Different time periods and rule made for different types of government.

12. GOVERNMENT Monarchy A monarch is a single ruler, such as a king, queen, or emperor, who holds all the power in a country or empire. In a monarchy, the ruling power is in the hands of one person, usually a king Greek settlements did not have queens Tyranny Tyrants are people who seize power illegally Tyrants forced oligarchs from power A tyrant is different from monarchy because they could not claim a legal right to rule A tyrants son doesn’t inherit his fathers power

13. GOVERNMENT Oligarchy An oligarch is on of several people who rule a country or empire together, sharing the power Most oligarchs are aristocrats An aristocrat is a member of the most powerful class in ancient Greece society Democracy An assembly is a group of citizens in an ancient Greek democracy with the power to pass laws A citizen is a member of a democracy, who has certain rights and responsibilities Not all Greeks believed that democracy was a good type of government

14. Most cities in Ancient Greece were built by forced labor. The economy in Athens, Greece and the surrounding region was dependent largely on trade. Athens could not support all of its populations needs for food but because it was near a harbor the Athenians could trade for goods they lacked and gain natural resources they needed. This contributed to the rise of their civilization. The slavery would contribute to the fall of future civilizations economy due to “free” labor would leave no paying jobs for people who needed THE ECONOMY

15. In ancient Greece slavery was not based on race. There were many slaves in Ancient Athens. Most people who weren’t poor owned at least one slave. Some slaves were born into slavery. Slaves were often obtained through warfare, trade, or simply by being born into it. Some slaves in Ancient Athens performed tasks that required great skill and were trained craftsmen. In Ancient Greek Civilization slaves could earn money and buy their way out of slavery.

16. ROLE OF WOMEN IN GREECE Women in Greece could not inherit or own much property and had far fewer rights than free men. Only men were considered citizens in Athens. Very few women had jobs. Some women sold goods at market. There were some women who were considered important.

17. ROLE OF WOMEN IN GREECE These women were priestesses. Women mostly held influence in their home. Their daily routine consisted of managing the household and bringing up the children.

18. RELIGIOUS PRACTICES Greeks worshiped many gods and goddesses. They believed the gods/goddesses looked and acted like humans but did not grow old or die. Each god or goddess had a power over a particular area of life.

19. ORIGIN OF RELIGION The origin of the religion came from Greek mythology. The Greeks told many stories about the gods and how they affected humans on earth. Myths often revolved around heroes and their actions. The home of the Gods was Mount Olympus

20. 12 OLYMPIAN GODS

21. DIFFERENCES/SIMILARITIES OF RELIGION Differences : Greeks believe in many gods and Christians believe in one god. Greeks gods had human personalities that made them great like jealousy sex and anger. Christians have one god that is above human weakness. Greeks gods were like humans with godly powers. The Christian’s God is perfect and without sin. Greeks gods were more like humans and Christian’s God is more spiritual. Similarity : Greek and Christian religion both believe in a life after death. Place of damnation or a place of virtue.

22. CONTRIBUTIONS TO ARCHITECTURE The Greeks built the temples a beautiful dwelling spot or place for the gods and goddesses more then a place to worship. The temples show the importance of balance and order in the Greeks idea of beauty. Athenians built 3 temples on the acropolis to honor Athena. Greek temples were many different sizes, but the basic shape was similar.

23. CONTRIBUTIONS TO ART The arts of this civilization can help us understand about the people that lived during that time period, because when someone sees an artifact or drawing it can inform the person about the lifestyle the Greeks lived.

24. Architecture Great talent Built beautiful temples Showed importance of balance and order Built with rows of tall columns, with statues of god/goddess Art Romans loved pottery, painting, and sculptures. Created large clay vessels for storing food, water, and wine. Often showed ideal, or perfect human or god. CONTRIBUTIONS TO ART

25. Romans love pottery, painting and sculptures. Greeks pottery was valued throughout the Mediterranean world for its usefulness and beauty. Greek pottery created large clay vessels for storing food water and wine. Romans sculptors and painters used Greek art as models for their own.

26. CONTRIBUTIONS TO ART Greek artist created a lively and realistic style of their own. Greek artist often show an ideal, or perfect human being or god. Romans celebrated great leaders and events. Roman sculptures became especially skilled creating life like portraits.

27. CONTRIBUTIONS TO TECHNOLOGY Some technological innovations of Greece, were the rotary mills, bronze, the water clock, and the catapult.

28. CONTRIBUTIONS TO LANGUAGE The Ancient Greeks were the first Europeans to read and write with an Alphabet, which eventually led to all modern European languages. The word alphabet comes from the first two letters of the Greek alphabet, alpha and beta. Many English words have Greek roots. The Greeks invented drama. They also developed history writing.