2.  Minerals are naturally-occurring inorganic substances with a definite and predictable chemical composition and physical properties.  Minerals are the building blocks for the composition of a rock.

3.  Igneus - Latin word for fire.  Formed from the solidification and cooling of magma and lava.  Ranges from dark in color to light in color. (Felsic, Intermediate, and Mafic)

8.  Made from broken shells, stones, sand, volcanic ash, and mud.  Chemical precipitates.  Formed from layers that are pressed and cemented together.  Usually formed under water.  Fossils.  Classified on grain size and shape.

13.  Came come from the Greek works, “changed” and “form”.  Pressure and heat.  Classified by texture (foliated and non-foliated), and composition.