1. The Age of Iron and Coal
Iron was needed for machines and steam engines.
Fuel (coal) was needed to produce the iron
Coal would leave impurities in the iron, so Abraham Darby found a way to remove the impurities from coal

2. Changes in Textile Industry
Textile: woven fabrics
The Early Industry:
In the 1600s cloth was imported from India. To cut costs, the British came up with a system to develop cloth at home

3. Putting Out System Raw Cotton to peasant families to spin into thread
Skilled artisans in towns finished and dyed the cloth
Thread taken to be woven into cloth
Production was slow  New Inventions 

4. Major Inventions John Kay’s Flying Shuttle
James Hargreaves’ Spinning Jenny: Spins many threads at the same time
Richard Arkwright’s Waterframe: Using water power to speed up spinning

5. First Factories
New machines were too large and expensive to be used in homes  creation of factories
Factories were first located by rivers/streams to access water for power
After the steam engine was developed the locations could vary

7. Revolution in Transportation
On Land
Turnpikes – privately built roads that charged a fee to travelers who used them
Canals
Stronger bridges
Steam locomotive  growth of railroads
First major rail line was from Liverpool to Manchester in England (1830)

8. Revolution in Transportation
On Sea
Paddle wheel steamboats to pull barges along canals
Steamboat invented by Robert Fulton in 1807 (Clermont traveled 5 mph)