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Published byAnastasia McDaniel Modified over 9 years ago
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فيزيولوژي گازهاي خون شرياني
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Gas Exchange Partial Pressure –Each gas in atmosphere contributes to the entire atmospheric pressure, denoted as P Gases in liquid –Gas enters liquid and dissolves in proportion to its partial pressure O2 and CO2 Exchange by DIFFUSION –PO2 is 104 mmHg in alveoli and 40 in alveolar capillaries –PCO2 is 45 in alveolar capillaries and 40 in alveoli
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Partial Pressures Oxygen is 21% of atmosphere 760 mmHg x.21 = 160 mmHg PO2
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Co2 N2 o2
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160 تغييرات فشار گاز اكسيژن در طي تنفس 149
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104 40
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Haemoglobin 4 x Haem group + 4 x Polypeptide chain
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Adaptation of RBC in transport of gases Lack a nucleus Lack a nucleus Biconcave disc Biconcave disc Lack a nucleus Biconcave disc
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The transport of oxygen in blood - Haemoglobin Hb + 4O 2 → Hb(O 2 ) 4 Over 98% of O 2 is carried in this way
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Oxygen Transport Method Percentage Dissolved in Plasma 1.5 % Combined with Hemoglobin 98.5 %
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انتقال اكسيژن از خون به بافتها
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درصد اشباع هموگلوبين ازاكسيژن درصد اشباع هموگلوبين ازاكسيژن هرگرم هموگلوبين مي تواند با 34/1 ميلي ليتر اكسيژن تركيب شود حال اگر در هر 100 سي سي خون 15 گرم هموگلوبين باشد : هرگرم هموگلوبين مي تواند با 34/1 ميلي ليتر اكسيژن تركيب شود حال اگر در هر 100 سي سي خون 15 گرم هموگلوبين باشد : در هر 100 ميلي ليتر خون 20.1=15*1.34 اكسيژن خواهيم داشت و در صد اشباع اكسيژني برابراست با : حداكثر مقدار اكسيژن كه مي تواند وحود داشته باشد / مقداراكسيژن موجود در 100 سي سي =Saturation
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منحني تجزيه اكسي هموگلوبين artery vein
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FACTORS AFFECTING O2-Hb DISSOCIATION CURVE PCO2TEMPERATURE 2,3 – DIPHOSPHOGLYCERATE PRESENCE/PERCENTAGE OF FETAL Hb pH
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Partial Pressures Carbon dioxide is.04% of atmosphere Carbon dioxide is.04% of atmosphere 760 mmHg x.0004 =.3 mm Hg PCO2 760 mmHg x.0004 =.3 mm Hg PCO2 This mixes with high CO2 levels from residual volume in the alveoli to arrive at PCO2 of 40 mmHg This mixes with high CO2 levels from residual volume in the alveoli to arrive at PCO2 of 40 mmHg
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03 تغييرات فشار گاز دي اكسيد كربن در طي تنفس 40
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03 40 45 40
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Co2 transported as:
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N2O2 CO2 H2O
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What Is An ABG? pH[H + ] PCO 2 Partial pressure CO 2 PO 2 Partial pressure O 2 HCO 3 Bicarbonate SaO 2 Oxygen Saturation
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What is an ABG? The Components The Components – pH / PaCO 2 / PaO 2 / HCO 3 / O 2 sat Desired Ranges Desired Ranges – pH - 7.35 - 7.45 – PaCO 2 - 35-45 mmHg – PaO 2 - 80-100 mmHg – HCO 3 - 21-27 – O 2 sat - 95-100%
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H 2 O + CO 2 H 2 CO 3 HCO 3 + H + Acid/Base Relationship PH=6.1 +logHCO3 /.03*PCO2
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The Terms ACIDS ACIDS –Acidemia –Acidosis Respiratory Respiratory CO 2 CO 2 Metabolic Metabolic HCO 3 HCO 3 BASES BASES –Alkalemia –Alkalosis Respiratory Respiratory CO 2 CO 2 Metabolic Metabolic HCO 3 HCO 3
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