1. 11-1 Early Industry & Inventions p.365 Chapter 11 National & Regional Growth

2. Today’s Objectives Identify factors that led to the Industrial Revolution Explain the spread of new manufacturing methods Describe inventions that changed: Transportation Communication Agriculture

3. The Industrial Revolution Industrial Revolution –The economic change of the late 1700’s, when manufacturing replaced farming as the main form of work.

4. Factories Rise in New England Samuel Slater –Builder of 1 st water- powered textile mill in America. Hired children; paid them low wage Family system of employment spread from RI to Conn. & Mass.

5. New England good for factories Fast rivers –Mills needed water power Transportation –Right on Ocean Labor force –Farmers tired of farming.

6. Factory system –Method of production using many workers & machines in one building. Worked for wages Had a set schedule Entrepreneurs built factories, starting in N.E.Entrepreneurs built factories, starting in N.E.

7. Lowell Mills Hire Women Francis Cabot Lowell –Built textile mill in Mass. –Spun cotton  Yarn  Cloth on power looms

8. Success led to: –Lowell Mills Textile mills located in factory town of Lowell, Mass. –Large # of women entered workforce –Farm girls (Mill girls) –Ran on water powerRan on water power

9. New Manufacturing Methods Spread Eli Whitney –Interchangeable Parts- Parts that are exactly alike. Sped up production Made repairs easy Allowed the use of less skilled workers.

10. New Inventions Improve Life TRANSPORTATION –Robert Fulton Inventor of America’s 1 st widely successful steam boat. Could move against wind/current. –Peter Cooper Builder of America’s 1 st successful steam- powered locomotive. “Tom Thumb”

11. COMMUNICATION Samuel F.B. Morse –Inventor of the telegraph. –Took seconds to communicate w/ someone in another city. –Brought people closer as a nation

12. PRODUCTION John Deere –Inventor of the steel plow. Made preparing land for planting less work. Farmers moved to Midwest Threshing Machine –Device that separates kernels of wheat from husks. Mechanical Reaper –Device that cuts grains –made farm work quicker & more efficient.

13. NewNew Technologies Linked the regions & created a feeling of national unity. Midwest North East South