1. Making of Proteins

2. DNA Replication DNA molecule produces two new complementary strands. Each strand of the double helix of DNA serves as a template for the new strand.

3. Transcription RNA polymerase uses one strand of DNA as a template to assemble nucleotides into a strand of RNA. Messenger RNA is transcribed in the nucleus, then enters the cytoplasm and attaches to a ribosome.

4. Translation (or protein synthesis) Begins at AUG (start codon) Each transfer RNA has an anticodon whose bases are complementary paired to a codon on the mRNA strand. The ribosome positions the start codon to attract its anticodon, which is part of the tRNA that binds methionine. The ribosome also binds the next codon and anticodon.

5. Making of Proteins Enzymes unzip the double-stranded DNA molecule. DNA REPLICATION

6. Making of Proteins Enzymes unzip the double-stranded DNA molecule. One side of DNA act as template, allowing enzymes to begin building a single stranded mRNA DNA REPLICATION

7. Making of Proteins Enzymes unzip the double-stranded DNA molecule. One side of DNA act as template, allowing enzymes to begin building a single stranded mRNA TRANSCRIPTION The new mRNA leaves the nucleus and travels inside cytoplasm to ribosome on rER DNA REPLICATION

8. Making of Proteins Enzymes unzip the double-stranded DNA molecule. One side of DNA act as template, allowing enzymes to begin building a single stranded mRNA TRANSCRIPTION The new mRNA leaves the nucleus and travels inside cytoplasm to ribosome on rER A sequence of three nitrogen bases (codons) on mRNA which refers to a specific amino acid DNA REPLICATION

9. Making of Proteins Enzymes unzip the double-stranded DNA molecule. One side of DNA act as template, allowing enzymes to begin building a single stranded mRNA TRANSCRIPTION The new mRNA leaves the nucleus and travels inside cytoplasm to ribosome on rER A sequence of three nitrogen bases (codons) on mRNA which refers to a specific amino acid TRANSLATION tRNA carries amino acid to the ribosome during protein synthesis tRNA contains Anticodons that are complementary to codons on mRNA tRNA reads the codons, gathers the corresponding amino acids, & transports them to the mRNA Ribosome connects chain of amino acids into a polypeptide. DNA REPLICATION

10. References Videos Clips http://www.copernicusproject.ucr.edu/ssi/HS BiologyResources.htm http://www.copernicusproject.ucr.edu/ssi/HS BiologyResources.htm Pearson Education. 2006. Retrieved November 30, 2011: http://terra.dadeschools.net/Books/Biology/B iologyExploringLife04/0-13-115075- 8/text/chapter11/concept11.5.html