1. Immigration and Urbanization Chapter 7 US History By Malisa Sortino

2. The New Immigrants – Sec. 1 ► Main Idea – Immigration from Europe, Asia, the Caribbean, and Mexico reached a high in the late 19 th and early 20 th century. ► Why It Matters Now – This wave of immigration helped make the US the diverse society it is now.

3. The New Immigrants – Sec 1 ► Many immigrants came here to escape hardships like famine, land shortages, or religious and political persecution. ► Others called “birds of passage” left their country to make money and then return.

4. The New Immigrants – Sec 1 ► Waves of European immigrants came to the east coast of the US. ► Chinese and Japanese immigrants came to the west coast of the United States. ► Many Chinese came to find gold in California, but ended up working on the railroads and farming. ► Japanese came to find work. ► Immigrants from the West Indies (Jamaica, Cuba, Puerto Rico, and other islands) came to the southeast and east shores of the US.

5. The New Immigrants – Sec 1 ► The voyage from Europe took one week. ► The voyage from Asia took about 3 weeks. ► Most passengers traveled in “steerage” – the cheapest accommodations. This was in the cargo holds of the ship. ► Many were never allowed to walk on the deck and had to stay in lice-infested and filthy rooms. ► Many died from disease before getting to America.

6. The New Immigrants – Sec 1 ► The less wealthy European immigrants had to pass through an immigration inspection station on Ellis Island in New York Harbor before being allowed to enter the US. ► These immigrants had to pass a health and legal inspection.

7. The New Immigrants – Sec 1 ► Asian immigrants had to pass through a immigration station on Angel Island in San Francisco. ► The inspection at Angel Island was much harsher and immigrants had to wait longer in filthy conditions.

8. The New Immigrants – Sec 1 ► New immigrants sought after people similar to themselves and that spoke the same language. ► Although immigrants were very committed to their cultures, they tried hard to fit in to America.

9. The New Immigrants – Sec 1 ► “Nativism” – favoritism towards native-born Americans grew and led to anti-immigration groups and immigration restrictions. ► Anti-immigration groups did not trust non- Protestant religions (Catholic and Jewish). ► They also believed there were “right” kinds of immigrants (British, German, Scandenavian) and “wrong” kinds of immigrants (Asian, Latin, Slavs).

10. The New Immigrants – Sec 1 ► Their were also anti- immigration groups on the west coast. Many were Anti-Chinese because the Chinese took many jobs from the white. ► Schools in San Francisco began segregating Japanese children. ► This led to the US closing it’s doors to Chinese and Japanese immigration for many years.