1. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu ATP Energy Adenosine triphosphate Stores and releases chemical energy in cells Created in the mitochondria

2. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu ADP Energy Adenosine diphosphate Lower energy molecule Created when phosphate is removed from ATP and energy is released http://leavingbio.net/ENERGY%20FOR%20LIFE.htm

3. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Comparing ADP and ATP

4. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Where does ATP energy come from in Animals? Foods are eaten, digested, and sent to the cells where ATP is made Different foods provide different amounts of ATP Carbohydrates Simple sugar Glucose = 36 molecules of ATP Proteins Not usually used to make ATP but yield the same as carbs when they are used Lipids ~146 molecules of ATP

5. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Where does ATP energy come from in Plants? Plants absorb light energy from the sun Then they make sugars Then they break down the sugar to make ATP

6. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Where does ATP energy come from in Organisms that don’t eat and don’t live where there is sunlight? Chemosynthesis Use chemical energy to make sugar and then ATP

7. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu

8. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Photosynthesis converts light energy from the sun into sugars that store chemical energy Autotrophs –use energy from sunlight to make sugars Heterotrophs –get energy from food instead of directly from sunlight

9. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Comparing Autotrophs and Heterotrophs

10. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Overview of Photosynthesis Reactants –CO 2 –H2O–H2O –Sunlight Products –Oxygen (O 2 ) –Glucose

11. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 6 Linking Photosynthesis and Respiration Section 1 The Light Reactions

12. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Photosynthesis Equation of Photosynthesis: 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O light energy C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2

13. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Capturing Sunlight Chloroplasts –organelles found in the cells of plants, some bacteria, and algae Chlorophyll –Molecule in chloroplasts that absorbs sunlight –Chlorophyll a and b absorb red and blue light, but reflect green light

14. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Parts of a Chloroplast

15. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Spectrum of Light and Plant Pigments

16. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Overview of Photosynthesis Photosynthesis can be divided into two stages: 1.Light Reactions –Chlorophyll absorbs energy from the sunlight –Energy is transferred by the thylakoid membrane –H 2 O is broken down –O 2 is released –Energy is transferred into ATP

17. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Overview of Photosynthesis Photosynthesis can be divided into two stages: 2.Calvin Cycle –Use energy (ATP) from the light-dependent reaction –Add CO 2 –Sugar is formed (usually Glucose)