1. The Principle of Linear Superposition and Interference Phenomena CHAPTER 17 Interference Constructive and Destructive Interference: BEATS Standing Waves: Transverse-Stringed Instruments and Longitudinal-Wind Instruments. Diffraction Speakers

2. Beats with tuning forks

3. Simulation of Beats http://www3.interscience.wiley.com:8100/legacy/college/cutn ell/0471151831/concepts/index.htm

4. Beat Wave Pattern A 10-Hz sound wave and a 12-Hz sound wave, when added together, produce a wave with a beat frequency of 2 Hz. The drawings show the pressure patterns (in blue) of the individual waves and the pressure pattern (in red) that results when the two overlap.

5. 17.4 Beats

6. Musical instruments are tuned by listening to the beat frequency. For instance, a piano tuner listens to the beats produced between the string and a source with the correct frequency. The piano tuner adjusts the tension in the string until the beats vanish, ensuring that the string is vibrating at the correct frequency.

7. 17.5 Transverse Standing Waves

8. A standing wave is an interference effect that can occur when two waves overlap.

9. 17.5 Transverse Standing Waves A standing wave is an interference effect that can occur when two waves overlap. Standing waves can arise with transverse waves, such as those on a guitar string, and also with longitudinal sound waves, such as those in a flute.

10. 17.5 Transverse Standing Waves A standing wave is an interference effect that can occur when two waves overlap. Standing waves can arise with transverse waves, such as those on a guitar string, and also with longitudinal sound waves, such as those in a flute. In any case, the principle of linear superposition provides an explanation of the effect, just as it does for diffraction and beats.

11. Simulation of Standing waves http://www3.interscience.wiley.com:8100/legacy/college/cutnell/ 0471151831/concepts/index.htm

12. Standing wave patterns

13. Problem-25 The G string on a guitar has a fundamental frequency of 196 Hz and a length of 0.62 m. This string is pressed against the proper fret to produce the note C, whose fundamental frequency is 262 Hz. What is the distance L between the fret and the end of the string at the bridge of the guitar (see Figure 17.20b)?