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Introduction to Biology
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Section 1
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Biology and Society Biology The study of life
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Visual Concept Biology
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REACH & GO Response to Stimuli & Reproduction Energy (Metabolism) Adaptation (DNA) Cells Homeostasis Growth and development Organization
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Response to Stimuli Stimulus - a physical or chemical change in the internal or external environment.
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Reproduction Living organisms pass on hereditary information from parents to offspring called reproduction.
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The genetic transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring. Genes (made of DNA) on the chromosomes are passed to offspring.
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Energy Metabolism is the sum of all the chemical reactions Energy and materials are taken in and transformed
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Adaptation Through Time Populations of living organisms evolve or change through time.
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Visual Concept Evolution
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Cells A cell is the smallest unit of an organism that can perform all life’s processes. Multicellular organisms are made up of many cells show a hierarchy of organization going from the organism to the atom.
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Homeostasis All living things have mechanisms that allow them to maintain stable internal conditions. Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable level of internal conditions even though environmental conditions are constantly changing.
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Growth and Development The growth of living things results from the division and enlargement of cells. Development is the process by which an organism becomes a mature adult.
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Organization Organization is the high degree of order within an organism’s internal and external parts also includes interactions with the living world.
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REACH & GO Without using your notes, write out what REACH & GO stands for. Compare it with the person sitting next to you.
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Stand Up and walk around your row.
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Section 3
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Steps of the Scientific Method Collecting observations Asking questions Forming hypotheses / making predictions Designing Experiments Analyzing Data Drawing conclusions
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Visual Concept Scientific Method
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The process of science begins with an observation. Observation perceiving a natural occurrence that causes someone to pose a question.
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A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for the way a particular aspect of the natural world functions.
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Predicting To test a hypothesis, scientists make a prediction that logically follows from the hypothesis.
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Performing the Experiment A controlled experiment compares an experimental group and a control group and only has one variable.
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Visual Concept Controlled Experiment and Variable
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Performing the Experiment The control group provides a normal standard against which the biologist can compare results of the experimental group. The experimental group is identical to the control group except for one factor.
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Performing the Experiment The control group provides a normal standard against which the biologist can compare results of the experimental group. The experimental group is identical to the control group except for one factor.
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Visual Concept Independent and Dependent Variables
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Testing the Experiment Experiments should be conducted without bias and they should be repeated.
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Analyzing and Comparing Data Scientists analyze data to draw conclusions about the experiment performed.
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Making Inferences An inference is a conclusion made on the basis of facts and previous knowledge rather than on direct observations.
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