1. Industrialization IMPORTANT TERMS From: http://www.drizzle.com/~jcouture/1_world/industrial_rev/Vocab%20Industrial%20Revoluti on%200203.htm capital - stuff used to make other stuff; money pooled for investment capitalism - an economic system where factories and resources are owned and controlled by private entities as opposed to the government or community, by investments that are run by private interests, and by prices, production, and the distribution of goods that are determined mainly by competition in a free market communism - an economic system where factories and resources are owned and controlled by the government or the community, where prices, production, and the distribution of goods are controlled by the government, and where all members of the community are supposed to receive an equal share of the society's wealth conservative - a person who prefers maintain the status quo, someone opposed to unwise innovation enclosure - to put up fences around a piece of previously communally owned land and make it private

2. Industrialization IMPORTANT TERMS: Continued entrepreneur - a business risk-taker, someone who uses money and resources to make more money exploitation - to take advantage of, to use for one's own gain rather than in the interest of the person or thing being used industrialization - to move to a form of economy characterized by large-scale production of goods in factories monopoly - when one company controls a particular market obsolete - no longer useful, out of date oligopoly - when a few companies conspire to control a particular market oppression - unjust or cruel exercise of authority or power, something that presses down on someone, especially an unjust or excessive exercise of power proletariat - the working class radical - tending or disposed to make extreme changes in existing views, habits, conditions, or institutions

3. Industrialization QUESTION: What did the following economic terms have to do with the political structures of newly industrialized nations? capital capitalism communism conservative enclosure entrepreneur exploitation industrialization monopoly obsolete oligopoly oppression proletariat radical

4. Industrialization Industrialization in England Notes from: http://www2.sunysuffolk.edu/westn/industry.html The Industrial Revolution began in England in the early 18th century for the following reasons: 1.England had experienced all of the forerunners of industrialization in the previous century: an agricultural revolution, cottage industry, and an expanded commercial revolution. These developments had built surplus capital and an infrastructure (shipping, banking, insurance, joint stock companies). 2. England already had a handcraft textile industry using wool, but with the availability of cotton from overseas markets as an alternative raw material. 3. The scientific revolution in England prepared the way for new inventions to be applied to industry.

5. Industrialization Industrialization in England Notes Continued: 4. A spreading shortage of wood (used for energy, for shipbuilding and construction) stimulated a search for alternatives. 5. England was rich in supplies of coal for energy and iron for construction. 6. England had a long, irregular coastline with many rivers and natural harbors which provided easy transportation by water to many areas. 7. England's population grew rapidly in the 18th century, providing a labor force for industry.

6. Industrialization Industrialization in England Reading QUESTION 1.What does a country need in order to have a successful industrial revolution? 2.Where else will an industrial revolution be likely to occur?

7. Industrialization Timeline AMERICAN http://invention.smithsonian.org/centerpieces/who le_cloth/u2ei/u2timeline.html Click link above to answer the questions on the next slide

8. Industrialization Timeline AMERICAN QUESTIONS 1.Where were 2 American industries set up? 2.What was the name of the first textile industrialist? 3.What effect did the Cotton Gin have on Slavery? 4.What difference of opinion did Thomas Jefferson have in comparison to Andrew Ure?

9. Industrialization JAPAN Information from: http://www.country-studies.com/japan/modernization-and-industrialization.html Modernization and Industrialization Japan emerged from the Tokugawa-Meiji transition as the first Asian industrialized nation. Domestic commercial activities and limited foreign trade had met the demands for material culture in the Tokugawa period, but the modernized Meiji era had radically different requirements. From the onset, the Meiji rulers embraced the concept of a market economy and adopted British and North American forms of free enterprise capitalism. The private sector-- in a nation blessed with an abundance of aggressive entrepreneurs-- welcomed such change.

10. Industrialization JAPAN Information Continued: Economic reforms included a unified modern currency based on the yen, banking, commercial and tax laws, stock exchanges, and a communications network. Establishment of a modern institutional framework conducive to an advanced capitalist economy took time but was completed by the 1890s. By this time, the government had largely relinquished direct control of the modernization process, primarily for budgetary reasons. Many of the former daimyo, whose pensions had been paid in a lump sum, benefited greatly through investments they made in emerging industries. Those who had been informally involved in foreign trade before the Meiji Restoration also flourished. Old bakufu- serving firms that clung to their traditional ways failed in the new business environment.

11. Industrialization JAPAN Information Continued: The government was initially involved in economic modernization, providing a number of "model factories" to facilitate the transition to the modern period. After the first twenty years of the Meiji period, the industrial economy expanded rapidly until about 1920 with inputs of advanced Western technology and large private investments. Stimulated by wars and through cautious economic planning, Japan emerged from World War I as a major industrial nation.

12. Industrialization JAPAN Questions 1.What was the Meiji Transition or the Meiji Restoration? 2.What was bakufu? 3.Who profited from the Meiji Restoration? 4.Who did Japan look to for guidance on how to industrialize? 5.How did Japan emerge as a major industrial nation by WWI?

13. Industrialization Japan and Russia: a Comparison http://wps.ablongman.com/long_stearns_wc_4/0, 8725,1126309-,00.html Click link above to answer the questions on the next slide (For additional practice, don’t forget the quizes on the sidebar)

14. Industrialization Japan and Russia: a comparison 1.What were major issues in both nations? 2.What were some solutions to these issues? 3.How did Japan and Russia manage to avoid Western dominance in their industrializaiton period? 4.What role did isolation play in the development of Russia and Japan?

15. Industrialization http://www.kidinfo.com/American_History/Industrial_Revolution.html (place to get more info) Who were (and what was their relationship to industrialization): James Watt Thomas Malthus Karl Marx Charles Dickens Adam Smith Pierre and Marie Curie Sigmund Freud Paul Cezanne Benjamin Disraeli / William Gladstone