1. To develop your understanding of long-term and short-term effects of exercise on the muscular system

3.  In your pairs, draw two columns, like below  List as many effects of exercise on the Muscular System as possible Short Term Effects of Exercise Long Term Effects of Exercise

4.  Increased energy demands  Lactic acid build up  Muscle fatigue  These are all body responses

5.  Also an immediate effect of exercise  Two types:  Isometric Muscle Contractions  Isotonic Muscle Contractions

6.  No muscle movement  Muscle neither contracts or relaxes  This type of muscle contraction is used for static strength  Think of examples of when this could be used  Rugby scrum  Handstand in gymnastics

7.  Muscles work in pairs to contract and relax to cause movement  Used for explosive and dynamic actions  This muscle contraction is normally used to produce speed and power  Think of examples when this muscle contraction is used  Tennis serve  Jumping for the ball in football

8.  There are four stations around the room  Working in your fours, move to the station closest to you  Try out the activity  When you get there, find the following and write in your books:  The name of the activity  Is it an Isometric/Isotonic muscle contraction?  Why?  Which muscles are used?  You have three minutes at each station!

9.  Isometric muscle contraction  There is no movement in any muscle – they all stay the same length  Main muscles involved: quadriceps, hamstrings

10.  Isotonic muscle contraction  The muscles are working in antagonistic pairs to contract and relax the muscles to cause movement  Main muscles involved: quadriceps, hamstrings, gluteals, gastrocnemius

11.  Isotonic muscle contraction  The muscles are working in antagonistic pairs to contract and relax the muscles to cause movement  Main muscles involved: gluteals, deltoid, lattisimus dorsi, pectorals

12.  Isometric muscle contraction  There is no movement in any muscle – they all stay the same length  Main muscles involved: biceps, triceps, quadriceps, hamstrings

13.  Increased muscular strength  Muscle hypertrophy  Muscle hypertrophy is the increase in the size of the muscle  These are body adaptations

14.  What is the other effect of exercise on the muscular system?  It is a negative effect of exercise

15.  Muscle strain  Where the muscle fibre tears  Overstretching

16.  Can’t participate in sport whilst injured  Leads to muscle wastage  This is called muscle atrophy

17. RICERICE